Gardiner Spring Resolutions

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The Gardiner Spring Resolutions were adopted by the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America in May 1861 and precipitated the creation of the Presbyterian Church in the Confederate States of America and the schism of the Presbyterian Church along regional lines and that lasted from the American Civil War until 1983.^[1] The resolutions were propounded by Gardiner Spring, the longtime pastor of the Brick St. Presbyterian Church in New York City, and defended by his brother, Charles A. Spring, the founder of several churches in Iowa and Illinois.^[2] The resolutions were adopted a few weeks after the Battle of Fort Sumter and had the effect of giving the Presbyterian Church's assent to Abraham Lincoln's attempts to keep the Union intact in the face of Southern secession.