Gastrin

GAST
Identifiers
Aliases	GAST, GAS, gastrin
External IDs	OMIM: 137250; MGI: 104768; HomoloGene: 628; GeneCards: GAST; OMA:GAST - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 17 (human)[1] Band 17q21.2 Start 41,712,331 bp[1] End 41,715,969 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 11 (mouse)[2] Band 11 D|11 63.46 cM Start 100,225,233 bp[2] End 100,227,822 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in pylorus duodenum pancreatic ductal cell islet of Langerhans placenta metanephros hypothalamus upper respiratory tract endometrium mucosa of nose Top expressed in pyloric antrum epithelium of stomach morula mucous cell of stomach CA3 field cingulate gyrus choroid plexus of fourth ventricle embryo entorhinal cortex perirhinal cortex More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function protein binding hormone activity Cellular component extracellular region extracellular space Biological process response to food signal transduction regulation of signaling receptor activity G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 2520 14459 Ensembl ENSG00000184502 ENSMUSG00000017165 UniProt P01350 P48757 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000805 NM_010257 RefSeq (protein) NP_000796 NP_034387 Location (UCSC) Chr 17: 41.71 – 41.72 Mb Chr 11: 100.23 – 100.23 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
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Gastrin is a peptide hormone that stimulates secretion of gastric acid (HCl) by the parietal cells of the stomach and aids in gastric motility. It is released by G cells in the pyloric antrum of the stomach, duodenum, and the pancreas.

Gastrin binds to cholecystokinin B receptors to stimulate the release of histamines in enterochromaffin-like cells, and it induces the insertion of K⁺/H⁺ ATPase pumps into the apical membrane of parietal cells (which in turn increases H⁺ release into the stomach cavity). Its release is stimulated by peptides in the lumen of the stomach.