Generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS+) is a syndromicautosomal dominant disorder where affected individuals can exhibit numerous epilepsy phenotypes.[1] GEFS+ can persist beyond early childhood (i.e., 6 years of age). GEFS+ is also now believed to encompass three other epilepsy disorders: severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy (SMEI), which is also known as Dravet's syndrome, borderline SMEI (SMEB), and intractable epilepsy of childhood (IEC).[2][3] There are at least six types of GEFS+, delineated by their causative gene. Known causative gene mutations are in the sodium channel α subunit genes SCN1A, an associated β subunit SCN1B, and in a GABAA receptor γ subunit gene, in GABRG2 and there is another gene related with calcium channel the PCDH19 which is also known as Epilepsy Female with Mental Retardation.[4]Penetrance for this disorder is estimated at 60%.[5]
^Spampanato J, Escayg A, Meisler M, Goldin A (2003). "Generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus type 2 mutation W1204R alters voltage-dependent gating of Na(v)1.1 sodium channels". Neuroscience. 116 (1): 37–48. doi:10.1016/S0306-4522(02)00698-X. PMID12535936. S2CID28204501.
^Singh R, Andermann E, Whitehouse W, Harvey A, Keene D, Seni M, Crossland K, Andermann F, Berkovic S, Scheffer I (2001). "Severe myoclonic epilepsy of infancy: extended spectrum of GEFS+?". Epilepsia. 42 (7): 837–44. doi:10.1046/j.1528-1157.2001.042007837.x. PMID11488881. S2CID7256994.
^Wallace R, Wang D, Singh R, Scheffer I, George A, Phillips H, Saar K, Reis A, Johnson E, Sutherland G, Berkovic S, Mulley J (1998). "Febrile seizures and generalized epilepsy associated with a mutation in the Na+-channel beta1 subunit gene SCN1B". Nat Genet. 19 (4): 366–70. doi:10.1038/1252. PMID9697698. S2CID20962841.
