Grand Central Terminal

Grand Central Terminal
Metro-North Railroad terminal
Clockwise from top left: 42nd Street facade; underground Metro-North platform and tracks; Main Concourse; iconic clock atop the information booth
General information
Location	89 East 42nd Street Manhattan, New York City
Owned by	NYC & Hudson River (1913–1914) New York Central (1914–1968) Penn Central (1968–1994) American Premier Underwriters (1994–2006) Midtown Trackage Ventures (2006–2020) Metropolitan Transportation Authority (2020–present)
Operated by	NYC & Hudson River (1913–1914) New York Central (1914–1968) New York, New Haven and Hartford (1913–1968) Penn Central (1968–1976) Amtrak (1971–1991) Conrail (1976–1983) Metro-North (1983–present)
Managed by	George Monasterio (director)
Line(s)	Park Avenue main line
Platforms	44: 43 island platforms, 1 side platform (6 tracks with Spanish solution)
Tracks	67: 56 passenger tracks (30 on upper level, 26 on lower level) 43 in use for passenger service 11 sidings
Connections	Long Island Rail Road at Grand Central Madison New York City Subway: ​​​​​ at Grand Central–42nd Street NYCT Bus: M1, M2, M3, M4, M42, M101, M102, M103, Q32 NYCT Bus, MTA Bus, Academy Bus: express services
Construction
Platform levels	2
Accessible	Accessible[N 1]
Other information
Website	Official website
Key dates
Construction	1903–1913 Opened February 2, 1913; 111 years ago (February 2, 1913)
Passengers
FY 2018	67 million annually, based on weekly estimate[2]  0.6% (Metro-North)
Services
Preceding station Metro-North Railroad Following station Terminus Harlem Line Harlem–125th Street toward North White Plains or Southeast Hudson Line Harlem–125th Street toward Croton–Harmon or Poughkeepsie New Haven Line Harlem–125th Street toward Stamford or New Haven New Canaan Branch select weekday service Harlem–125th Street toward New Canaan Danbury Branch select weekday service Harlem–125th Street toward Danbury
Former services Preceding station New York Central Railroad Following station 125th Street toward Chicago Main Line Terminus 125th Street toward Peekskill Hudson Division 125th Street toward Chatham Harlem Division Preceding station New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad Following station Terminus Main Line Harlem–125th Street toward New Haven Preceding station Amtrak Following station Croton-Harmon toward Chicago Lake Shore Terminus Croton-Harmon toward Detroit (Michigan Central) Niagara Rainbow Yonkers toward Montreal Adirondack Yonkers toward Niagara Falls, New York Empire Service Yonkers toward Toronto Maple Leaf
Former services (pre-1913) Preceding station New York Central & Hudson River Railroad Following station 110th Street Until 1906 toward Peekskill Hudson Division Terminus 86th Street Until 1901 toward Chatham Harlem Division 72nd Street Limited toward Chatham
Interactive map
Coordinates	40°45′10″N 73°58′38″W / 40.75278°N 73.97722°W / 40.75278; -73.97722
Architect	Reed and Stem; Warren and Wetmore
Architectural style(s)	Beaux-Arts
Visitors	21.6 million (in 2018)[3]
U.S. National Historic Landmark
Designated	December 8, 1976
Reference no.	75001206
U.S. National Register of Historic Places
Designated	January 17, 1975 August 11, 1983 (increase)
Reference no.	75001206, 83001726
New York State Register of Historic Places
Designated	June 23, 1980[4]
Reference no.	06101.000365
New York City Landmark
Designated	August 2, 1967 (facade) September 23, 1980 (interior)
Reference no.	0266 (facade) 1099 (interior)

Grand Central Terminal (GCT; also referred to as Grand Central Station or simply as Grand Central) is a commuter rail terminal located at 42nd Street and Park Avenue in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. Grand Central is the southern terminus of the Metro-North Railroad's Harlem, Hudson and New Haven Lines, serving the northern parts of the New York metropolitan area. It also contains a connection to the Long Island Rail Road through the Grand Central Madison station, a 16-acre (65,000 m²) rail terminal underneath the Metro-North station, built from 2007 to 2023. The terminal also connects to the New York City Subway at Grand Central–42nd Street station. The terminal is the third-busiest train station in North America, after New York Penn Station and Toronto Union Station.

The distinctive architecture and interior design of Grand Central Terminal's station house have earned it several landmark designations, including as a National Historic Landmark. Its Beaux-Arts design incorporates numerous works of art. Grand Central Terminal is one of the world's ten most-visited tourist attractions,^[5] with 21.6 million visitors in 2018, excluding train and subway passengers.^[3] The terminal's Main Concourse is often used as a meeting place, and is especially featured in films and television. Grand Central Terminal contains a variety of stores and food vendors, including upscale restaurants and bars, a food hall, and a grocery marketplace. The building is also noted for its library, event hall, tennis club, control center and offices for the railroad, and sub-basement power station.

Grand Central Terminal was built by and named for the New York Central Railroad; it also served the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad and, later, successors to the New York Central. Opened in 1913, the terminal was built on the site of two similarly named predecessor stations, the first of which dated to 1871. Grand Central Terminal served intercity trains until 1991, when Amtrak began routing its trains through nearby Penn Station.

Grand Central covers 48 acres (19 ha) and has 44 platforms, more than any other railroad station in the world. Its platforms, all below ground, serve 30 tracks on the upper level and 26 on the lower. In total, there are 67 tracks, including a rail yard and sidings; of these, 43 tracks are in use for passenger service, while the remaining two dozen are used to store trains.^{[N 2]}

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