HEPA

For other uses, see HEPA (disambiguation).

HEPA
Schematic of HEPA filter
HEPA filter corrugated internal structure and aluminium support along with the description of its functioning principle (interception, impact and diffusion of dust particles through a dense non-woven fiber material)
Overview
Other namesHigh-Efficiency Particulate Air, High-Efficiency Particulate Arresting filter, HEPA
StandardsDOE NE F 3-45, EN 1822, ISO 29463

HEPA (/ˈhɛpə/, high-efficiency particulate air) filter,[1] also known as a high-efficiency particulate arresting filter,[2] is an efficiency standard of air filters.[3]

Filters meeting the HEPA standard must satisfy certain levels of efficiency. Common standards require that a HEPA air filter must remove—from the air that passes through—at least 99.95% (ISO, European Standard)[4][5] or 99.97% (ASME, U.S. DOE)[6][7] of particles whose diameter is equal to 0.3 μm, with the filtration efficiency increasing for particle diameters both less than and greater than 0.3 μm.[8] HEPA filters capture pollen, dirt, dust, moisture, bacteria (0.2–2.0 μm), viruses (0.02–0.3 μm), and submicron liquid aerosol (0.02–0.5 μm).[9][10][11] Some microorganisms, for example, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium citrinum, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Bacillus subtilis are captured by HEPA filters with photocatalytic oxidation (PCO). A HEPA filter is also able to capture some viruses and bacteria which are ≤0.3 μm.[12] A HEPA filter is also able to capture floor dust which contains bacteroidia, clostridia, and bacilli.[13] HEPA was commercialized in the 1950s, and the original term became a registered trademark and later a generic trademark for highly efficient filters.[14] HEPA filters are used in applications that require contamination control, such as the manufacturing of hard disk drives, medical devices, semiconductors, nuclear, food and pharmaceutical products, as well as in hospitals,[15] homes, and vehicles.

  1. ^ "GLOSSARY". HEPA Corporation. Archived from the original on 2020-04-20. Retrieved 2021-05-14.
  2. ^ "HEPA". The Free Dictionary. Archived from the original on 2020-04-20. Retrieved 2021-05-14.
  3. ^ "Efficiency of the HEPA air filter: HEPA filter quality and bypassing". Air-Purifier-Power. Archived from the original on 2020-04-20. Retrieved 2021-05-14.
  4. ^ Cite error: The named reference ISO 29463 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ European Standard EN 1822-1:2009, "High efficiency air filters (EPA, HEPA and ULPA)", 2009
  6. ^ American Society of Mechanical Engineers, ASME AG-1a–2004, "Addenda to ASME AG-1–2003 Code on Nuclear Air and Gas Treatment", 2004
  7. ^ Barnette, Sonya. "Specification for HEPA Filters Used by DOE Contractors — DOE Technical Standards Program". www.standards.doe.gov. Archived from the original on 2020-04-20. Retrieved 2019-06-05.
  8. ^ Guidance for Filtration and Air-Cleaning Systems to Protect Building Environments from Airborne Chemical, Biological, or Radiological Attacks (PDF). Cincinnati, OH: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. April 2003. pp. 8–12. doi:10.26616/NIOSHPUB2003136. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 10, 2020. Retrieved 2020-02-09.
  9. ^ Godoy, Charlotte; Thomas, Dominique (2020-07-02). "Influence of relative humidity on HEPA filters during and after loading with soot particles". Aerosol Science and Technology. 54 (7): 790–801. Bibcode:2020AerST..54..790G. doi:10.1080/02786826.2020.1726278. ISSN 0278-6826. S2CID 214275203.
  10. ^ Payet, S.; Boulaud, D.; Madelaine, G.; Renoux, A. (1992-10-01). "Penetration and pressure drop of a HEPA filter during loading with submicron liquid particles". Journal of Aerosol Science. 23 (7): 723–735. Bibcode:1992JAerS..23..723P. doi:10.1016/0021-8502(92)90039-X. ISSN 0021-8502. Archived from the original on 2021-05-16. Retrieved 2021-03-05.
  11. ^ Schentag, Jerome J.; Akers, Charles; Campagna, Pamela; Chirayath, Paul (2004). SARS: CLEARING THE AIR. National Academies Press (US). Archived from the original on 2021-01-05. Retrieved 2021-03-04.
  12. ^ Chuaybamroong, P.; Chotigawin, R.; Supothina, S.; Sribenjalux, P.; Larpkiattaworn, S.; Wu, C.-Y. (2010). "Efficacy of photocatalytic HEPA filter on microorganism removal". Indoor Air. 20 (3): 246–254. Bibcode:2010InAir..20..246C. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0668.2010.00651.x. ISSN 1600-0668. PMID 20573124.
  13. ^ Guo, Jianguo; Xiong, Yi; Kang, Taisheng; Xiang, Zhiguang; Qin, Chuan (2020-04-14). "Bacterial community analysis of floor dust and HEPA filters in air purifiers used in office rooms in ILAS, Beijing". Scientific Reports. 10 (1): 6417. Bibcode:2020NatSR..10.6417G. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-63543-1. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 7156680. PMID 32286482.
  14. ^ Cite error: The named reference :0 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  15. ^ "About HEPA". hepa.com. Archived from the original on 2020-04-20. Retrieved 2019-06-05.