Human disease-causing mutation
HFE
The HFE H63D is a single-nucleotide polymorphism in the HFE gene (c.187C>G, rs1799945), which results in the substitution of a histidine for an aspartic acid at amino acid position 63 of the HFE protein (p.His63Asp). HFE participates in the regulation of iron absorption.[ 1] [ 2] [ 3]
Homozygous H63D variant can occasionally be the cause of hemochromatosis . It is also associated with the occurrence of other conditions like hypotransferrinemia ,[ 4] [ 5] liver dysfunction,[ 6] [ 7] bone and joint issues, diabetes mellitus , heart disease, hormone imbalances, porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT), infertility , stroke,[ 8] neurodegenerative and brain damages,[ 9] some cancers , venous and peripheral artery disease.[ 10] [ 11]
^ Olynyk JK, Trinder D, Ramm GA, Britton RS, Bacon BR (September 2008). "Hereditary hemochromatosis in the post-HFE era" . Hepatology . 48 (3): 991–1001. doi :10.1002/hep.22507 . PMC 2548289 . PMID 18752323 .
^ "Hemochromatosis: Causes" . Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research (MFMER) .
^ den Dunnen JT, Dalgleish R, Maglott DR, Hart RK, Greenblatt MS, McGowan-Jordan J, Roux AF, Smith T, Antonarakis SE, Taschner PE (June 2016). "HGVS Recommendations for the Description of Sequence Variants: 2016 Update" . Human Mutation . 37 (6): 564–9. doi :10.1002/humu.22981 . hdl :11343/291098 . PMID 26931183 .
^ Fujii H, Takagaki N, Yoh T, et al. (2008). "Non-prescription supplement-induced hepatitis with hyperferritinemia and mutation (H63D) in the HFE gene". Hepatology Research . 38 (3): 319–23. doi :10.1111/j.1872-034X.2007.00266.x . PMID 17944940 . S2CID 30008466 .
^ Castiella A, Urreta I, Zapata E, et al. (2019). "H63/H63D genotype and the H63D allele are associated in patients with hyperferritinemia to the development of metabolic syndrome". Eur. J. Intern. Med. (Letter to the Editor). 72 : 106–107. doi :10.1016/j.ejim.2019.11.021 . PMID 31796245 . S2CID 208623301 .
^ Raszeja-Wyszomirska J, Kurzawski G, Zawada I, et al. (2010). "HFE gene mutations in patients with alcoholic liver disease. A prospective study from northwestern Poland" . Polish Archives of Internal Medicine . 120 (4): 127–31. doi :10.20452/pamw.905 . PMID 20424537 .
^ Valenti L, Fracanzani AL, Bugianesi E, et al. (2010). "HFE Genotype, Parenchymal Iron Accumulation, and Liver Fibrosis in Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease". Gastroenterology . 138 (3): 905–12. doi :10.1053/j.gastro.2009.11.013 . hdl :2318/85426 . PMID 19931264 . S2CID 13091615 .
^ Ellervik C, Tybjaerg-Hansen A, Appleyard M, et al. (2007). "Hereditary hemochromatosis genotypes and risk of ischemic stroke". Neurology . 68 (13): 1025–31. doi :10.1212/01.wnl.0000257814.77115.d6 . PMID 17389307 . S2CID 43908712 .
^ Liu Y, Lee SY, Neely E, et al. (2011). "Mutant HFE H63D Protein Is Associated with Prolonged Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Increased Neuronal Vulnerability" . J. Biol. Chem. 286 (15): 13161–70. doi :10.1074/jbc.M110.170944 . PMC 3075663 . PMID 21349849 .
^ Mitchell RM, Lee SY, Simmons Z, et al. (2011). "HFE polymorphisms affect cellular glutamate regulation". Neurobiol. Aging . 32 (6): 1114–23. doi :10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2009.05.016 . PMID 19560233 . S2CID 22440350 .
^ "H63D - The Other Mutation" (PDF) . Iron Disorders Institute nanograms . 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-10-24. Retrieved 2019-12-22 .