HLA-DO

Major Histocompatibility Complex, Class II, DO alpha
Identifiers
SymbolHLA-DOA
Alt. symbolsHLA-DZA, HLA-DNA
NCBI gene3111
HGNC4936
OMIM142930
RefSeqNM_002119
UniProtQ9TQD3
Other data
LocusChr. 6 p21.3
Search for
StructuresSwiss-model
DomainsInterPro
Major Histocompatibility Complex, Class II, DO beta
Identifiers
SymbolHLA-DOB
NCBI gene3112
HGNC4937
OMIM600629
RefSeqNM_002120
UniProtP13765
Other data
LocusChr. 6 p21.3
Search for
StructuresSwiss-model
DomainsInterPro

Human leukocyte histocompatibility complex DO (HLA-DO) is an intracellular, dimeric non-classical Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class II protein composed of α- and β-subunits which interact with HLA-DM in order to fine tune immunodominant epitope selection.[1][2] As a non-classical MHC class II molecule, HLA-DO is a non-polymorphic accessory protein that aids in antigenic peptide chaperoning and loading, as opposed to its classical counterparts, which are polymorphic and involved in antigen presentation.[3][4][5] Though more remains to be elucidated about the function of HLA-DO, its unique distribution in the mammalian body—namely, the exclusive expression of HLA-DO in B cells, thymic medullary epithelial cells, and dendritic cells—indicate that it may be of physiological importance and has inspired further research.[3][6] Although HLA-DM can be found without HLA-DO, HLA-DO is only found in complex with HLA-DM and exhibits instability in the absence of HLA-DM. The evolutionary conservation of both DM and DO, further denote its biological significance and potential to confer evolutionary benefits to its host.[6][7][8]

  1. ^ Owen JA, Punt J, Stranford SA, Jones PP, Kuby J (2013). Kuby immunology (7th ed.). New York: W.H. Freeman. ISBN 978-1-4641-1991-0. OCLC 820117219.
  2. ^ Cite error: The named reference Pos_2013 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ a b Poluektov YO, Kim A, Hartman IZ, Sadegh-Nasseri S (2013-08-08). "HLA-DO as the optimizer of epitope selection for MHC class II antigen presentation". PLOS ONE. 8 (8): e71228. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...871228P. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0071228. PMC 3738515. PMID 23951115.
  4. ^ Yin L, Stern LJ (October 2013). "HLA-DM Focuses on Conformational Flexibility Around P1 Pocket to Catalyze Peptide Exchange". Frontiers in Immunology. 4: 336. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2013.00336. PMC 3797982. PMID 24146666.
  5. ^ Chen X, Jensen PE (2014). "Biological function of HLA-DO (H2-O)". Critical Reviews in Immunology. 34 (3): 215–25. doi:10.1615/critrevimmunol.2014009999. PMID 24941074.
  6. ^ a b Denzin LK (December 2013). "Inhibition of HLA-DM Mediated MHC Class II Peptide Loading by HLA-DO Promotes Self Tolerance". Frontiers in Immunology. 4: 465. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2013.00465. PMC 3865790. PMID 24381574.
  7. ^ Chen X, Jensen PE (June 2004). "The expression of HLA-DO (H2-O) in B lymphocytes". Immunologic Research. 29 (1–3): 19–28. doi:10.1385/IR:29:1-3:019. PMID 15181267. S2CID 41107541.
  8. ^ Adler LN, Jiang W, Bhamidipati K, Millican M, Macaubas C, Hung SC, Mellins ED (March 2017). "The Other Function: Class II-Restricted Antigen Presentation by B Cells". Frontiers in Immunology. 8: 319. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2017.00319. PMC 5362600. PMID 28386257.