HMS Elephant (1786)

For other ships with the same name, see HMS Elephant.

Drawing showing the inboard profile for Elephant as cut down to a 58-gun ship 1817–1818
History
Great Britain
NameHMS Elephant
Ordered27 December 1781
BuilderGeorge Parsons, Bursledon
Laid downFebruary 1783
Launched24 August 1786
Honours and
awards
FateBroken up, 1830
General characteristics [1]
Class and typeArrogant-class ship of the line
Tons burthen1604 bm
Length168 ft (51 m) (gundeck)
Beam46 ft 9 in (14.25 m)
Depth of hold19 ft 9 in (6.02 m)
PropulsionSails
Sail planFull-rigged ship
Armament
  • Gundeck: 28 × 32-pounder guns
  • Upper gundeck: 28 × 18-pounder guns
  • QD: 14 × 9-pounder guns
  • Fc: 4 × 9-pounder guns
HMS Monarch in the lead, with Elephant close behind forcing the Passage of the Sound, 30 March 1801, prior to the Battle of Copenhagen

HMS Elephant was a 74-gun third-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy. She was built by George Parsons in Bursledon, Hampshire, and launched on 24 August 1786.[1]

In late November 1790 the ship narrowly avoided destruction when lightning struck her whilst she was in Portsmouth harbour. The main topmast exploded but did not plunge through the quarterdeck as it was still held by the toprope.

In 1801 Vice Admiral Horatio Nelson chose Elephant as his flagship during the Battle of Copenhagen due to its suitability for the shallow waters there. It was on this ship that he is said to have put his telescope to his blind eye and claimed not to be able to see a signal ordering him to withdraw.[citation needed] She lost 9 killed and 13 wounded then.[2]

In mid-1803, the squadron under Captain Henry William Bayntun, consisting of Cumberland, Hercule, Bellerophon, Elephant, and Vanguard captured Poisson Volant and Superieure.[3] The Royal Navy took both into service. The ship participated in the blockade of Saint-Domingue in the same year. The British patrolled off Cap-François. On 24 July the squadron, made up of Bellerophon, Elephant, HMS Theseus, and HMS Vanguard, came across two French 74-gun ships, Duquesne and Duguay-Trouin, and the frigate Guerrière, attempting to escape from Cap-François.[4] The squadron gave chase, and on 25 July overhauled and captured Duquesne after a few shots were fired, while Duguay-Trouin and Guerrière managed to evade their pursuers and escape to France.[5] One man was killed aboard Bellerophon during the pursuit.[4] Elephant remained blockading Cap-François until November, when the French commander of the garrison there, General Rochambeau, was forced to surrender.

To prevent Rochambeau escaping, launches from Bellerophon and Elephant went into the Caracol Passage where they cut out the French schooner Découverte on 22–23 November. The French formally surrendered on 30 November.

HMS Elephant, under the command of Francis Austen, captured the United States privateer Swordfish in December 1812 during the War of 1812.[6]

  1. ^ a b Lavery, Ships of the Line vol.1, p180.
  2. ^ Gerlach, Krzysztof (2006). "Słoń a sprawa duńska" [The elephant and a matter of Denmark]. Morze, Statki i Okręty. Vol. X, no. 4/2006 (58). Warsaw. p. 73.
  3. ^ "No. 15620". The London Gazette. 13 September 1803. p. 1228.
  4. ^ a b Cordingly. Billy Ruffian. p. 165.
  5. ^ Goodwin. The Ships of Trafalgar. p. 68.
  6. ^ Heathcote (2002), p. 19.