HMS London (1840)

HMS London depicted in Zanzibar 1881
History
United Kingdom
Name	HMS London
Builder	Chatham dockyard
Laid down	October 1827
Launched	28 September 1840
Fate	Sold for breaking up, 1884
Notes	Converted to a 72-gun third rate screw ship, 1858
General characteristics [1]
Class and type	Rodney-class ship of the line
Tons burthen	2598 bm
Length	205 ft 6 in (62.64 m) (gundeck)
Beam	54 ft 5 in (16.59 m)
Depth of hold	23 ft 2 in (7.06 m)
Propulsion	Sails (and steam, after 1858)
Sail plan	Full-rigged ship
Armament	As second rate, 90 guns: Gundeck: 30 × 32 pdrs, 2 × 68 pdr carronades Upper gundeck: 34 × 32 pdrs Quarterdeck: 26 × 32 pdrs

HMS London was a two-decker 90-gun second-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched on 28 September 1840 at Chatham Dockyard.^[1] In 1854 she took part in the bombardment of the Konstantin Battery at Sevastopol during the Crimean War, where she sustained damage. In 1858 she was converted to screw propulsion,^[1] and reduced to 72 guns.

By 1873, she was a hulk, serving as a depot ship in Zanzibar Bay, off the east coast of Africa, but in March 1878 she was recommissioned to assist in the suppression of the slave trade in the area, serving as a central repair depot, hospital and storage ship for many smaller steam screw boats. At this time there were Africans from West Africa (Kroomen or Krumen) and East Africa (Seedies or Sidis) serving on board. There were also Zanzibari and Arab interpreters and cooks from Portuguese Goa (India). In 1880 Lieutenant Charles Stewart Smith, an officer on another ship, led patrols which captured seven dhows and 185 enslaved people.^[2] In 1883, three years later, Lieutenant Smith was seconded to the post of Vice-Consul, Zanzibar to Sir John Kirk, the British Consul-General.^[3]

Captained by Charles J Brownrigg, London herself and her crew made several patrols aimed at hindering the slave trade and, on 3 December 1881, caught up with a slave dhow captained by Hindi bin Hattam. This dhow had around 100 enslaved people on board and was transporting them between Pemba and Zanzibar. Captain Brownrigg led a boarding party to release the enslaved people but bin Hattam's men then attacked the sailors, killing Brownrigg and some of his party before sailing away. Sir Lloyd William Mathews led a force to Wete on Pemba and, after a short battle, took a mortally wounded bin Hattem (Hindi-bin-Khartoum^[4]) prisoner before returning to Zanzibar.

• 
  19 January 1875 the bombardment of Mombasa by HMS Nassau and Rifleman and boats of HMS London, Illustrated London News
• 
  HMS London in Zanzibar circa 1876.
• 
  Pinnace attached to HMS London chasing a dhow in 1881
• 
  A pinnace probably attached to the London for chasing slave ships.
• 
  Newly released slaves on board H.M.S. London, circa 1880.

In late 1881, while the vessel was at Zanzibar, it suffered damage of a nature such that repairs were urgently required. The type of wood desired to make the repairs was teak, which "could not readily be procured in the open market." The Sultan was, however, known to have a store of the desired timber and so he was requested to assist with supplying it. This he did and the repairs done. However, the Sultan refused to accept any payment for the supplies. In the eyes of the commander of HMS London, it put the British Royal Navy "in an awkward position" because it would be very difficult to make similar requests in the future.^[5]

The final entry in the ship's log is dated 22 January 1883. Captain Luxmoore writes "Paid ship off" "Sent ships company to transport Windsor Castle in passage to England". In 1884 she was sold and broken up.^[1]