The Hail Mary (Latin: Ave Maria) or Angelical salutation[1][2] is a traditional Catholic prayer addressing Mary, the mother of Jesus. The prayer is based on two biblical passages featured in the Gospel of Luke: the Angel Gabriel's visit to Mary (the Annunciation) and Mary's subsequent visit to Elisabeth, the mother of John the Baptist (the Visitation). It is also called the Angelical Salutation, as the prayer is based on the Archangel Gabriel's words to Mary.[3] The Hail Mary is a prayer of praise for and of petition to Mary, regarded as the Theotokos (Mother of God). Since the 16th century, the version of the prayer used in the Catholic Church closes with an appeal for her intercession. The prayer takes different forms in various traditions and has often been set to music.
In the Latin Church, the Hail Mary forms the basis of other prayers such as the Angelus and the Rosary. In the psalmody of the Oriental Orthodox Churches a daily Theotokion is devoted to ascribing praise to the Mother of God.[4] In addition, the Eastern Orthodox Churches have a common private prayer quite similar to the Hail Mary, though without the explicit request for intercession. The Eastern Catholic Churches follow their respective traditions or adopt the Latin Church version, which is also used by many other Western groups historically branching from the Catholic Church, such as Lutherans, Anglicans, Independent Catholics, and Old Catholics.[5]
- ^ "CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Hail Mary". www.newadvent.org. Retrieved 23 February 2023.
- ^ "Hail Mary | Prayer, History, & Uses | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 23 February 2023.
- ^ Schmitt, Jacob (1894). Explanation of Deharbe's small catechism: by James Schmitt. Transl. from the 7th German ed. [Josef Deharbe SJ]. Herder. p. 289. Retrieved 23 February 2023.
- ^ Claremont Coptic Encyclopedia: Hail Mary
- ^ Johnson, Maxwell E. (2015). The Church in Act: Lutheran Liturgical Theology in Ecumenical Conversation. Fortress Press. ISBN 978-1-4514-9668-0.