Hair ice, also known as ice wool or frost beard, is a type of ice that forms on dead wood and takes the shape of fine, silky hair.[1] It is somewhat uncommon, and has been reported mostly at latitudes between 45 and 55 °N in broadleaf forests.[1][2] The meteorologist (and discoverer of continental drift) Alfred Wegener described hair ice on wet dead wood in 1918,[3] assuming some specific fungi as the catalyst, a theory mostly confirmed by Gerhart Wagner and Christian Mätzler in 2005.[4][5][6] In 2015, the fungus Exidiopsis effusa was identified as key to the formation of hair ice.[1]
- ^ a b c Hofmann D, Preuss G, Mätzler C (2015). "Evidence for biological shaping of hair ice" (PDF). Biogeosciences. 12 (14): 4261–4273. Bibcode:2015BGeo...12.4261H. doi:10.5194/bg-12-4261-2015.
- ^ European Geosciences Union (22 July 2015). "Press Release: Fungus shapes hair ice – Researchers identify fungus responsible for peculiar ice filaments that grow on dead wood". Retrieved 24 July 2015.
- ^ Alfred Wegener: Haareis auf morschem Holz. Die Naturwissenschaften 6/1, 1918. S. 598–601.
- ^ Gerhart Wagner: Haareis – eine seltene winterliche Naturerscheinung. Was haben Pilze damit zu tun? SZP/BSM 2005.
- ^ Gerhart Wagner, Christian Mätzler: Haareis auf morschem Laubholz als biophysikalisches Phänomen. Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine Forschungsbericht Nr. 2008-05-MW. Universität Bern. 2008. (PDF-Download Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine)
- ^ Gerhart Wagner, Christian Mätzler: Haareis - Ein seltenes biophysikalisches Phänomen im Winter. Naturwissenschaftliche Rundschau 62(3), S. 117–123 (2009), ISSN 0028-1050