حَجْر اليَمامَة | |
 Location of Hajr in al-Yamama region | |
| Location | Riyadh Province, Saudi Arabia |
|---|---|
| Region | West Asia |
| History | |
| Builder | Tasm and Jadis (folklore) Hanifites |
| Founded | Upper Paleolithic period |
| Abandoned | 16th century AD; disintegrated into various towns which later became part of Old Riyadh |
Hajr (Arabic: حَجْر, romanized: Ḥajr), also known as Hajr al-Yamamah (Arabic: حَجْر اليَمامَة, romanized: Ḥajr al-Yamāmah) or Khadra Hajr,[1] was an ancient city founded by the Hanifites[2] that roughly emerged in 5th century pre-Islamic Arabia and existed until 16th century in modern-day Riyadh[3] in the Najd region of present-day Saudi Arabia.[4]
Hajr was the seat of the historical al-Yamama region until 866 AD when the Ukhaydhirites seceded the area from the control of the Abbasids and shifted their capital to al-Kharj. Consequently, Hajr underwent severe economic and political decline due to prolonged droughts besides simultaneously being gripped in feudalistic conflicts with its neighbors such as Diriyah and Manfuhah.[5] Hajr subsequently witnessed gradual fragmentation and disintegration and eventually got succeeded by various rival towns such as Migrin (or Miqrin) and Miʼkal by the end of 16th century,[6] though the name Hajr continued to appear in local folk poetry.
- ^ Facey, William (1992). Riyadh, the Old City: From Its Origins Until the 1950s. Immel. ISBN 978-0-907151-32-6.
- ^ Sonbol, Amira (29 March 2012). Gulf Women (en ed.). Bloomsbury Qatar Foundation Publishing. p. 99. ISBN 978-99921-94-84-3.
- ^ "المسالك::اليمامة مدينة حسنة خصبة ذات أنهار وأشجار". www.almasalik.com. Retrieved 2021-11-22.
- ^ "«حجر اليمامة»... مدينة الإرث التاريخي والحضاري والمفارقات العجيبة". الشرق الأوسط (in Arabic). 2021-04-01. Retrieved 2021-11-22.
- ^ "الرياض: تاريخ، وتراث، ورؤية". www.rcrc.gov.sa (in Arabic). Retrieved 2021-11-22.
- ^ "التاريخ السياسي لبلاد اليمامة (1/2)". www.alukah.net (in Arabic). 2009-05-20. Retrieved 2021-11-22.