Hassan Rouhani

Hujjat al-Islam Hassan Rouhani
حسن روحانی
Rouhani in 2017
7th President of Iran
In office 3 August 2013 – 3 August 2021
Supreme Leader	Ali Khamenei
Vice President	Eshaq Jahangiri
Preceded by	Mahmoud Ahmadinejad
Succeeded by	Ebrahim Raisi
Secretary General of the Non-Aligned Movement
In office 3 August 2013 – 17 September 2016
Preceded by	Mahmoud Ahmadinejad
Succeeded by	Nicolás Maduro
Chief Nuclear Negotiator of Iran
In office 6 October 2003 – 15 August 2005
President	Mohammad Khatami
Deputy	Hossein Mousavian
Preceded by	Position established
Succeeded by	Ali Larijani
Secretary of the Supreme National Security Council
In office 14 October 1989 – 15 August 2005
President	Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani Mohammad Khatami
Preceded by	Position established
Succeeded by	Ali Larijani
Member of the Assembly of Experts
In office 19 February 2007 – 20 May 2024
Constituency	Tehran Province
Majority	2,238,166 (53.56%)
In office 18 February 2000 – 19 February 2007
Constituency	Semnan Province
First Deputy Speaker of the Parliament
In office 2 June 1992 – 26 May 2000
Preceded by	Hossein Hashemian
Succeeded by	Behzad Nabavi
Member of the Islamic Consultative Assembly
In office 28 May 1984 – 27 May 2000
Constituency	Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat and Eslamshahr
Majority	729,965 (58.3%; 2nd term)
In office 28 May 1980 – 27 May 1984
Constituency	Semnan
Majority	19,017 (62.1%)
Advisor to the President of Iran President of Center for Strategic Research
In office 5 August 1992 – 10 June 1997
President	Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani
Preceded by	Mohammad Mousavi Khoeiniha
Succeeded by	Position abolished
Member of Expediency Discernment Council
In office 8 May 1991 – 3 August 2013
Appointed by	Ali Khamenei
Chairman	Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani
Succeeded by	Mahmoud Ahmadinejad
National Security Advisor of Iran to the President
In office 2000–2005
President	Mohammad Khatami
Preceded by	Khosrow Tehrani
In office 1989–1997
President	Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani
Personal details
Born	Hassan Fereydoun (1948-11-12) 12 November 1948 (age 76) Sorkheh, Semnan Province, Imperial State of Iran
Political party	Moderation and Development Party (1999–present)
Other political affiliations	Combatant Clergy Association (1988–present; inactive since 2009)[1] Islamic Republican Party (1979–87)
Spouse	Sahebeh Arabi ​ (m. 1968)​
Children	5
Alma mater	Qom Seminary University of Tehran Glasgow Caledonian University
Signature
Website	Personal website (Persian)
Military service
Allegiance	Iran
Years of service	1971–72 (conscription)[2] 1985–91[3]
Unit	Sepah Danesh of Nishapur (1971–72)[2]
Commands	Commander-in-Chief of Air Defense (1985–91)[3] Deputy to Second-in-Command of Iran's Joint Chiefs of Staff (1988–89)[3]
Battles/wars	Iran–Iraq War
Awards	Order of Nasr (1st Class)[4] Order of Fath (2nd Class)[5][6]

This article is part of a series about Hassan Rouhani
Early life and career Personal life Electoral history Member of Parliament Elections 1980 legislative election 1984 legislative election 1988 legislative election 1992 legislative election 1996 legislative election 2000 legislative election Commission on Defense Commission of National-Security and Foreign-Policy Iran–Iraq War Nuclear program of Iran Nuclear negotiator Supreme National Security Council Member of Assembly of Experts Elections 2000 by-election 2006 Assembly of Experts election 2016 Assembly of Experts election Expediency Discernment Council 7th President of Iran First term Presidential campaign General election Cabinet members Confirmations Inauguration International trips JCPOA Negotiations Joint Plan of Action Iran nuclear deal framework United Nations Security Council Resolution 2231 Iran Nuclear Achievements Protection Act Iranian Government's Reciprocal and Proportional Action in Implementing the JCPOA Act Iran and the Islamic State Iranian involvement in the Syrian civil war Iranian intervention in Iraq World Against Violence and Extremism Second term Reelection campaign General election Inauguration Cabinet members Confirmations 2017–18 protests 2019–20 protests 2021–22 protests Leaked Mohammad Javad Zarif audiotape Books Islamic Revolution: Roots and Challenges Fundaments of Political Thoughts of Imam Khomeini Memoirs of Dr. Hassan Rouhani; Vol. 1: The Islamic Revolution Introduction to Islamic Countries Islamic Political Thought; Vol. 1: Conceptual Framework Islamic Political Thought; Vol. 2: Foreign Policy Islamic Political Thought; Vol. 3: Cultural and Social Issues National Security and Economic System of Iran National Security and Nuclear Diplomacy Role of Seminaries in Moral and Political Developments of Society An Introduction to the History of Shia' Imams Age of Legal Capacity and Responsibility Memoirs of Dr. Hassan Rouhani; Vol. 2: Sacred Defense Narration of Foresight and Hope National Security and Foreign Policy National Security and Environment The Islamic Legislative Power The Flexibility of Shariah Comments on Fiqh (Islamic Jurisprudence) Comments on Usul (Principles of Fiqh)
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Hassan Rouhani (Persian: حسن روحانی;^{[note 1]} born Hassan Fereydoun,^{[note 2]} 12 November 1948)^[7][8] is an Iranian politician who served as the seventh president of Iran from 2013 to 2021. He is also a sharia lawyer ("Wakil"),^[9] academic, former diplomat and Islamic cleric. He served as a member of Iran's Assembly of Experts from 1999^[10] to 2024.^[11] He was a member of the Expediency Council from 1991 to 2013,^[12] and also was a member of the Supreme National Security Council from 1989 to 2021.^[3][13] Rouhani was deputy speaker of the fourth and fifth terms of the Parliament of Iran (Majlis) and Secretary of the Supreme National Security Council from 1989 to 2005.^[3] In the latter capacity, he was the country's top negotiator with the EU three, UK, France, and Germany, on nuclear technology in Iran, and has also served as a Shia mujtahid (a senior cleric),^[14] and economic trade negotiator.^{[15][16]: 138}

On 7 May 2013, Rouhani registered for the presidential election that was held on 14 June 2013.^[17] He campaigned on promises to restore the economy, improve rocky relations with Western nations, and prepare a "civil rights charter" if elected.^[18] He also expressed official support for upholding the rights of ethnic and religious minorities.^[19] He was elected as President of Iran on 15 June, defeating Tehran mayor Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf and four other candidates;^[20][21][22] he took office on 3 August 2013.^[23] In 2013, Time magazine named him in its list of the 100 Most Influential People in the World.

Rouhani is frequently described as a centrist and reformist. In domestic policy, he encourages personal freedom, free access to information, and has improved women's rights by appointing female foreign ministry spokespeople. He has also improved Iran's diplomatic relations with other countries through exchanging conciliatory letters.^[24][25][26] Rouhani won re-election in the 2017 election with 23,636,652 votes (57.1%).^[27] He became the third Iranian President, after Mohammad Khatami and Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, to win a presidential victory as an incumbent with an increased electoral mandate.

Although Rouhani originally had the support of Iranian Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei during his second term, their relationship soured as Khamenei criticized Rouhani for presumably being too soft in negotiations with the West over the Iran nuclear agreement. After his second term, Rouhani was not appointed to any senior role by Khamenei.^[28]

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