Hazael

Not to be confused with Ḫazaʾil.
Hazael
(El/God has seen)
Ivory inlay possibly depicting Hazael of Damascus
King of Aram Damascus
(King of Syria)
Reign842–796 BC
PredecessorHadadezer
SuccessorBen-Hadad III
OccupationCourt official

Hazael (/ˈheɪziəl/; Biblical Hebrew: חֲזָאֵל or חֲזָהאֵל, romanized: Ḥăzāʾēl[1]) was a king of Aram-Damascus mentioned in the Bible.[2][3] Under his reign, Aram-Damascus became an empire that ruled over large parts of contemporary Syria and Israel-Samaria.[4] While he was likely born in the greater Damascus region of today, his place of birth is unknown, with both Bashan and the Beqaa Valley being favoured by different historians.[5][6][7]

  1. ^ I Kings 19:15, II Kings 8:8, etc.
  2. ^ Hastings, James; Driver, Samuel Rolles (1899). A Dictionary of the Bible: Dealing with its Language, Literature, and Contents, including the Biblical Theology. Vol. 3. T. & T. Clark. p. 832.
  3. ^ Arnold, Bill T.; Williamson, Hugh Godfrey Maturin (2006). Dictionary of the Old Testament: Historical Books (Illustrated ed.). InterVarsity Press. p. 46. ISBN 978-0-8308-1782-5.
  4. ^ David Noel Freedman; Allen C. Myers (31 December 2000). Eerdmans Dictionary of the Bible. Amsterdam University Press. p. 84. ISBN 978-90-5356-503-2.
  5. ^ Sigurður Hafþórsson (2006). A Passing Power: An Examination of the Sources for the History of Aram-Damascus in the Second Half of the Ninth Century B.C. Almqvist & Wiksell International. p. 61. ISBN 978-91-22-02143-8.
  6. ^ D. Matthew Stith (2008). The Coups of Hazael and Jehu: Building an Historical Narrative. Gorgias Press. p. 55. ISBN 978-1-59333-833-6.
  7. ^ Hadi Ghantous (14 October 2014). The Elisha-Hazael Paradigm and the Kingdom of Palestine: The Politics of God in Ancient Syria-Palestine. Routledge. p. 71. ISBN 978-1-317-54435-7.