| Hebe | |
|---|---|
| |
&sq=Envato&lang=en&file=File:Canova-Hebe_30_degree_view.jpg) Hebe by Antonio Canova, 1800–05 (Hermitage, St. Petersburg) | |
| Abode | Mount Olympus |
| Symbol | Wine-cup, Eagle, Ivy, Fountain of Youth, Hens, and Wings |
| Genealogy | |
| Parents | Zeus and Hera |
| Siblings | Ares, Hephaestus, Eileithyia and several paternal half-siblings |
| Consort | Heracles |
| Children | Alexiares and Anicetus |
| Equivalents | |
| Roman | Juventas |
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| Ancient Greek religion |
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Hebe (/ˈhiːbiː/; Ancient Greek: Ἥβη, romanized: Hḗbē, lit. 'youth'), in ancient Greek religion and mythology, often given the epithet Ganymeda (meaning "Gladdening Princess"),[1] is the goddess of youth or of the prime of life.[2] She functioned as the cupbearer for the gods and goddesses of Mount Olympus, serving their nectar and ambrosia. People of Sicyon also worshipped her as the goddess of forgiveness or of mercy.[1]
Hebe is a daughter of Zeus and Hera,[3] and the divine wife of Heracles (Roman equivalent: Hercules). She had influence over eternal youth[4] and the ability to restore youth to mortals, a power that appears exclusive to her, as in Ovid's Metamorphoses, some gods lament the aging of their favoured mortals. According to Philostratus the Elder, Hebe was the youngest of the gods and the one responsible for keeping them eternally young, and thus was the most revered by them.[5] Her role of ensuring the eternal youth of the other gods is appropriate to her role of serving as cupbearer, as the word ambrosia has been linked to a possible Proto-Indo-European translation related to immortality, undying, and lifeforce.[6] In art, she is typically depicted with her father in the guise of an eagle, often offering a cup to him. Eagles were connected with immortality and there was a folklore belief that the eagle (like the phoenix) had the ability to renew itself to a youthful state,[7] making the association with Hebe logical.[8][unreliable source?] Her equivalent Roman goddess is Juventas.[9]
- ^ a b Cite error: The named reference
:10was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ According to Kerényi, p. 98, "Hebe's name... means 'Flower of Youth'. She was another version of her mother in the latter's quality of Hera Pais, 'Hera the young maiden'."
- ^ Hesiod, Theogony 921–922; Homer, Odyssey 11. 604–605; Pindar, Isthmian 4.59–60; Apollodorus, 1.3.1, and later authors.
- ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 13 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 166.
- ^ Philostratus the Elder. Imagines (Book 2).
- ^ Burkert, Walter (1985). Greek Religion. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press and Basil Blackwell Publisher. p. 22. ISBN 978-0-674-36281-9.
- ^ Compare Psalms 103:5 - "thy youth is renewed like the eagle's." "The idea that the eagle renewed its youth formed the basis of a Rabbinical story, and no doubt appears also in the myth of the Phœnix."
- ^ Dale-Green, Patricia (1962). "The Golden Eagle". British Homoeopathic Journal. 51 (2): 128–133. doi:10.1016/S0007-0785(62)80052-0. S2CID 72030839.
- ^ Ovid does not detect a unity of Hera (Juno) and Hebe (Juventus): he opens Fasti vi with a dispute between Juno and Juventus claiming patronage of the month of June (on-line text).