| Heliozelidae | |
|---|---|
| |
| Adult female Aspilanta oinophylla | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Superfamily: | Adeloidea |
| Family: | Heliozelidae Heinemann & Wocke, 1876 |
| Genera | |
|
13, see text | |
The Heliozelidae, commonly known as shield-bearer moths, are a family of small, day flying monotrysian moths distributed worldwide. The larvae of most heliozelid species are leaf miners who cut distinctive shield-shaped cases from the surface of the host leaf, hence the common name. Some species are considered pests of commercial crops such as grapevines, cranberries, and walnuts. The taxonomy of this family is poorly understood.[1][2]
- ^ Milla, Liz; van Nieukerken, Erik J.; Vijverberg, Ruben; Doorenweerd, Camiel; Wilcox, Stephen A.; Halsey, Mike; Young, David A.; Jones, Therésa M.; Kallies, Axel; Hilton, Douglas J. (2017). "A preliminary molecular phylogeny of shield-bearer moths (Lepidoptera: Adeloidea: Heliozelidae) highlights rich undescribed diversity". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 120. Academic Press: 129–143. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2017.12.004. ISSN 1055-7903. PMID 29229488.
- ^ Milla, Liz; Moussalli, Adnan; Wilcox, Stephen A.; van Nieukerken, Erik J.; Young, David A.; Halsey, Mike; McConville, Thomas; Jones, Therésa M.; Kallies, Axel; Hilton, Douglas J. (2019). "Phylotranscriptomics resolves phylogeny of the Heliozelidae (Adeloidea: Lepidoptera) and suggests a Late Cretaceous origin in Australia". Systematic Entomology. 45 (1). Royal Entomological Society: 128–143. doi:10.1111/syen.12383. hdl:11343/286225. ISSN 1365-3113.