Help:IPA/Breton

This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Breton on Wikipedia.

It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Breton in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link here; do not change any symbol or value without establishing consensus on the talk page first.

For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For the distinction between [ ], / / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters.

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The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Breton language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

See Breton dialects for a more thorough discussion of regional variation.


Consonants
IPA	Examples	English approximation
b	bag	best
x	sac'h	roughly like loch in Scottish English
ɣ	troc'hañ	Spanish agua
d	don	doe
f	fri	face
ɡ	gad	got
h	had	hot
ʒ	jot	measure
k	kazh	scan
l	lann	lean
ʎ	kuilh	roughly like million
m	mab	mother
n	noz	need
ŋ	anken	camping
ɲ	kignez	roughly like canyon
p	per	spouse
r	roue	trilled r
ʁ	roue	roughly like loch (Scottish English) but voiced, like gh in Scottish Gaelic
s	skol	sack
ʃ	sachañ	shine
t	tal	sty
v	aval	view
z	azen	zeal
Semivowels
j	yod	yet
w	gwenn	wet
ɥ	kuit	like a simultaneous wet and yet


Vowels
monophthongs
IPA	Examples	English approximation
a	kas	trap
ɑː	tad	bra
e	boest	hey (short)
eː	per	hey (long)
ɛ	gell	best
ɛː	berr	fairy
i	pik	seat
iː	biz	see
o	pok	story (short)
oː	dor	story (long)
ɔ	korn	off
ɔː	torr	dog
y	butun	roughly like root (some dialects)^[1]; French tu
yː	uvel	roughly like rude (some dialects)^[1]; German über
ə	ebeul (regional)	about
ø	peulvan	roughly like bird (no r-colouring); French deux
øː	eur	roughly like herd (no r-colouring); German schön
œ	feurm	roughly like hurt (no r-colouring); French neuf
u	toull	pool (short)
uː	tour	pool (long)
Nasals
ã	amzer	roughly like on (American English), nasalized [ɒ] or [ɑ]. rendez-vous
ãː	anat
ẽ	renk
ẽː	enez
ɛ̃	peñs	roughly like man (RP); nasalized [æ] or [ɛ]
ɛ̃ː	eñvor
ĩ	biñs
ĩ	fiñval	like Hindi नहीं
ɔ̃	tonn	roughly like bone (American English); nasalized [o] or [ɔ]
ɔ̃ː	ton
ỹ	puñs
ỹː	unan
œ̃	feunteun
œ̃ː	deun
Diphthongs
IPA	Examples	English approximation
ai		eye
oi		boy
ɔʊ	botoù	follow
ei	eil	ray
au	glav	house
ɔu	paour	goal
eu	bev	roughly like go (some dialects^[2]); in other dialects, somewhat like eh-oo elided into a single syllable
wɑ	koad	roughly like suave
we	boued	roughly like way
ɥi	skuizh	roughly like we
iu	liv	ee-oo

^ ^a ^b These dialects include modern Received Pronunciation and most forms of English English (with some exceptions such as Yorkshire), Australian, New Zealand, White South African, Scottish, Ulster, Southern American, Midland American, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Western Pennsylvania and California English. Other dialects of English, such as Northern American, New York City, New England, African American Vernacular, Welsh and Republic of Ireland English, have no close equiavalent vowel.
^ These dialects include Southern England (including Received Pronunciation), English Midlands, Australian, New Zealand, the Southern American, Midland American, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Western Pennsylvania and younger Californian English. Other dialects of English, such as most other forms of American, Northern England, Welsh, Scottish and Irish English, have no close equivalent vowel.

[y-1] These dialects include modern Received Pronunciation and most forms of English English (with some exceptions such as Yorkshire), Australian, New Zealand, White South African, Scottish, Ulster, Southern American, Midland American, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Western Pennsylvania and California English. Other dialects of English, such as Northern American, New York City, New England, African American Vernacular, Welsh and Republic of Ireland English, have no close equiavalent vowel.

[2] These dialects include Southern England (including Received Pronunciation), English Midlands, Australian, New Zealand, the Southern American, Midland American, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Western Pennsylvania and younger Californian English. Other dialects of English, such as most other forms of American, Northern England, Welsh, Scottish and Irish English, have no close equivalent vowel.

[1]

[2]