Sir Henry Macandrew | |
|---|---|
 Macandrew as a general officer | |
| Born | 7 August 1866 Inverness, United Kingdom |
| Died | 16 July 1919 (aged 52) Aleppo, Syria |
| Buried | Beirut War Cemetery |
| Allegiance | United Kingdom |
| Service | British Army British Indian Army |
| Years of service | 1884–1889 (British Army) 1889–1919 (British Indian Army) |
| Rank | Major-general |
| Commands | 5th Bengal Cavalry 9th (Sirhind) Brigade 53rd Brigade 2nd Indian Cavalry Division 5th Cavalry Division |
| Battles / wars | |
| Awards | Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath Distinguished Service Order Mentioned in Despatches (8) Grand Officer of the Order of the Nile (Egypt) |
| Spouse(s) | Esther Ritchie Cooper |
Major-General Sir Henry Macandrew, KCB, DSO (7 August 1866 – 16 July 1919) was a British Indian Army officer who fought in the Boer War and First World War, rising to command cavalry divisions on the Western Front and in the Sinai and Palestine campaign.
Predominantly serving in the cavalry and also as an intelligence officer, Macandrew fought through the Tirah campaign in India in 1897 and 1898, and then served as a staff officer during the Boer War, participating in several battles and receiving the Distinguished Service Order. Macandrew was given command of the 5th Bengal Cavalry in 1914, and upon the outbreak of the First World War travelled to France as general staff officer grade 1 of the 1st Indian Cavalry Division. Soon afterwards he was promoted to become brigadier-general general staff for the Indian Cavalry Corps, with which he participated in the Battle of Neuve Chapelle.
Macandrew assumed command of the 2nd Indian Cavalry Division in 1916, leading it during the Battle of the Somme and the Battle of Cambrai with limited success. In 1918 he was given command of the newly created 5th Cavalry Division for service in the Sinai and Palestine campaign. He commanded the division throughout the campaign, including at the Capture of Damascus and the Battle of Aleppo. In the spearhead of the advance, his division travelled 600 miles (970 kilometres) in thirty-eight days. Knighted in 1919, Macandrew stayed with the 5th Cavalry Division at Aleppo. He died of wounds he received in an accidental explosion of petrol fumes there later in the year.