Heracleum mantegazzianum

Heracleum mantegazzianum
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Apiales
Family: Apiaceae
Genus: Heracleum
Species:
H. mantegazzianum
Binomial name
Heracleum mantegazzianum

Heracleum mantegazzianum, commonly known as giant hogweed,[2][3][4][5] is a monocarpic perennial herbaceous plant in the carrot family Apiaceae. H. mantegazzianum is also known as cartwheel-flower,[3][4][5] giant cow parsley,[6] giant cow parsnip,[7] or hogsbane. In New Zealand, it is also sometimes called wild parsnip (not to be confused with Pastinaca sativa) or wild rhubarb.[4]

Giant hogweed is native to the western Caucasus region of Eurasia. It was introduced to Britain as an ornamental plant in the 19th century, and has also spread to other areas in Western Europe, the United States, and Canada.[2] Its close relatives, Sosnowsky's hogweed and Persian hogweed, have similarly spread to other parts of Europe.

The sap of giant hogweed is phototoxic and causes phytophotodermatitis in humans, resulting in blisters and scars. These serious reactions are due to the furanocoumarin derivatives in the leaves, roots, stems, flowers, and seeds of the plant. Consequently, the jurisdictions of many regions consider it a noxious weed.[2]

  1. ^ Mikheev, A. & Gagnidze, R (2014). "Mantegazzi's Cow-Parsnip Heracleum mantegazzianum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2014: e.T200211A2641599. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-1.RLTS.T200211A2641599.en. Retrieved 30 June 2022.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. ^ a b c "Heracleum mantegazzianum (giant hogweed)". CABI. 6 November 2018. Retrieved 8 December 2018.
  3. ^ a b "Heracleum mantegazzianum". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 6 August 2013.
  4. ^ a b c "National Pest Plant Accord". Ministry for Primary Industries, Government of New Zealand. 2012. p. 70. Archived from the original on 4 February 2018.
  5. ^ a b "Species Profile- Giant Hogweed (Heracleum mantegazzianum)". National Invasive Species Information Center, United States National Agricultural Library.
  6. ^ Forney, Thomas; Miller, Glenn; Myers-Shenai Beth (27 May 2009). "Oregon Department of Agriculture Plant Pest Risk Assessment for Giant Hogweed Heracleum mantegazzianum" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 May 2010.
  7. ^ "Giant Hogweed". Wild Food UK. Retrieved 13 August 2018.