| Heterenchelyidae Temporal range:
| |
|---|---|
| |
| Pythonichthys microphthalmus | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Anguilliformes |
| Suborder: | Muraenoidei |
| Family: | Heterenchelyidae Regan, 1912 |
| Genera | |
The Heterenchelyidae or mud eels are a small family of eels native to the Atlantic, Mediterranean, and eastern Pacific.
Heterenchelyids are bottom-dwelling fish adapted to burrowing into soft mud.[1] They have large mouths and no pectoral fins, and range from 32 to 149 cm (13 to 59 in) in length. Currently, eight species in two genera are recognized in this family.
The oldest known member of the family is Pythonichthys arkansasensis, known from fossilized otoliths from the Maastrichtian and Danian of the south-central United States.[2][3]
- ^ McClosker, John F. (1998). Paxton, J.R.; Eschmeyer, W.N. (eds.). Encyclopedia of Fishes. San Diego: Academic Press. p. 89. ISBN 0-12-547665-5.
- ^ Schwarzhans, Werner; Stringer, Gary L. (2020-05-06). "Fish Otoliths from the Late Maastrichtian Kemp Clay (Texas, Usa) and the Early Danian Clayton Formation (Arkansas, Usa) and an Assessment of Extinction and Survival of Teleost Lineages Across the K-Pg Boundary Based on Otoliths". Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia. 126 (2). doi:10.13130/2039-4942/13425. ISSN 2039-4942.
- ^ Schwarzhans, Werner W.; Jagt, John W. M. (2021-11-01). "Silicified otoliths from the Maastrichtian type area (Netherlands, Belgium) document early gadiform and perciform fishes during the Late Cretaceous, prior to the K/Pg boundary extinction event". Cretaceous Research. 127: 104921. Bibcode:2021CrRes.12704921S. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2021.104921. ISSN 0195-6671.