Humanistic psychology

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Humanistic psychology is a psychological perspective that arose in the mid-20th century in answer to two theories: Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory and B. F. Skinner's behaviorism.[1] Thus, Abraham Maslow established the need for a "third force" in psychology.[2] The school of thought of humanistic psychology gained traction due to Maslow in the 1950s.

Some elements of humanistic psychology are[1]

  • to understand people, ourselves and others holistically (as wholes greater than the sums of their parts)
  • to acknowledge the relevance and significance of the full life history of an individual
  • to acknowledge the importance of intentionality in human existence
  • to recognize the importance of an end goal of life for a healthy person

Humanistic psychology also acknowledges spiritual aspiration as an integral part of the psyche. It is linked to the emerging field of transpersonal psychology.[3][4]

Primarily, humanistic therapy encourages a self-awareness and reflexivity that helps the client change their state of mind and behavior from one set of reactions to a healthier one with more productive and thoughtful actions. Essentially, this approach allows the merging of mindfulness and behavioral therapy, with positive social support.

In an article from the Association for Humanistic Psychology, the benefits of humanistic therapy are described as having a "crucial opportunity to lead our troubled culture back to its own healthy path. More than any other therapy, Humanistic-Existential therapy models democracy. It imposes ideologies of others upon the client less than other therapeutic practices. Freedom to choose is maximized. We validate our clients' human potential."[5]

In the 20th century, humanistic psychology was referred to as the "third force" in psychology, distinct from earlier, less humanistic approaches of psychoanalysis and behaviorism.

Its principal professional organizations in the US are the Association for Humanistic Psychology and the Society for Humanistic Psychology (Division 32 of the American Psychological Association). In Britain, there is the UK Association for Humanistic Psychology Practitioners.

  1. ^ a b Benjafield, John G. (2010). A History of Psychology: Third Edition. Don Mills, ON: Oxford University Press. pp. 357–362. ISBN 978-0-19-543021-9.
  2. ^ Junge, Maxine Borowsky (2010). The Modern History of Art Therapy in the United States. Charles C. Thomas. ISBN 978-0-398-07941-3.
  3. ^ Colman, Andrew M. (ed.). "humanistic psychology n." A Dictionary of Psychology. Oxford University Press, 2009. Oxford Reference Online. Oxford University Press. 25 May 2010. Archived 2020-01-22 at the Wayback Machine
  4. ^ Aanstoos, C. Serlin, I., & Greening, T. (2000). "A History of Division 32 (Humanistic Psychology) of the American Psychological Association". In D. Dewsbury (Ed.), Unification through division: Histories of the divisions of the American Psychological Association, Vol. V. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
  5. ^ "Humanistic Therapy." CRC Health Group. Web. 29 Mar. 2015. http://www.crchealth.com/types-of-therapy/what-is-humanistic-therapy Archived 2019-06-02 at the Wayback Machine