Hussein-Ali Montazeri | |
|---|---|
 Montazeri in 1978 | |
| Deputy Supreme Leader of Iran | |
| In office 10 November 1985 – 13 March 1989 | |
| Supreme Leader | Ruhollah Khomeini |
| Tehran's Friday Prayer Imam | |
| In office 12 September 1979 – 14 January 1980 | |
| Appointed by | Ruhollah Khomeini |
| Preceded by | Mahmoud Taleghani |
| Succeeded by | Ali Khamenei |
| Chairman of the Assembly of Experts for Constitution | |
| In office 19 August 1979 – 15 November 1979 | |
| Preceded by | Position created |
| Succeeded by | Position abolished |
| Member of the Assembly of Experts for Constitution | |
| In office 15 August 1979 – 15 November 1979 | |
| Constituency | Tehran Province |
| Majority | 1,672,980 (66.24%) |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 24 September 1922 Najafabad, Sublime State of Persia |
| Died | 19 December 2009 (aged 87) Qom, Iran |
| Resting place | Fatima Masumeh Shrine |
| Nationality | Iranian |
| Political party | Society of Seminary Teachers of Qom |
| Spouse |
Mah-Sultan Rabbani (m. 1942) |
| Children | 7, including Mohammad Montazeri |
| Website | amontazeri |
| Personal | |
| Religion | Islam |
| Denomination | Twelver Shīʿā |
| School | Jaʿfari |
| Main interest(s) | |
| Notable idea(s) | |
| Alma mater | Qom Seminary |
| Muslim leader | |
| Teacher | |
| Post | Qom Seminary Feyziyeh Seminary |
Grand Ayatollah Hussein-Ali Montazeri[1][2] (Persian: حسینعلی منتظری [hosejnæˈliːje montæzeˈɾiː] ; 24 September 1922[3][4] – 19 December 2009) was an Iranian Shia Islamic theologian, Islamic democracy advocate, writer, and human rights activist. He was one of the leaders of the Iranian Revolution and one of the highest-ranking authorities in Shīʿite Islam.[5] He was once the designated successor to the revolution's Supreme Leader, Ayatollah Khomeini; they had a falling-out in 1989 over government policies that Montazeri claimed infringed on people's freedom and denied them their rights, especially after the 1988 mass execution of political prisoners. Montazeri spent his later years in Qom and remained politically influential in Iran but was placed in house arrest in 1997 for questioning "the unaccountable rule exercised by the supreme leader",[6] Ali Khamenei, who succeeded Khomeini. He was known as the most knowledgeable senior Islamic scholar in Iran,[7] a grand marja (religious authority) of Shia Islam, and was said to be one of Khamenei's teachers.[7]
For more than two decades, Montazeri was one of the main critics of the Islamic Republic's domestic and foreign policy. He had also been an active advocate of Baháʼí Faith rights, civil rights, and women's rights in Iran. Montazeri was a prolific writer of books and articles. He was a staunch proponent of an Islamic state, and he argued that post-revolutionary Iran was not being ruled as an Islamic state.
- ^ "Grand Ayatollah Hossein Ali Montazeri: 1922-2009". FRONTLINE - Tehran Bureau. Retrieved 22 December 2020.
- ^ Moin, Baqer (20 December 2009). "Grand Ayatollah Hossein Ali Montazeri". the Guardian. Retrieved 22 December 2020.
- ^ "khatami.76 - Instagram Tagged In - Deskgram". Archived from the original on 3 February 2018.
- ^ "یادی از نودمین سالروز تولد آیت الله العظمی منتظری + گاه شمار زندگی ایشان « سایت خبری تحلیلی کلمه". www.kaleme.com. Archived from the original on 20 December 2019. Retrieved 22 December 2020.
- ^ "Hossein Ali Montazeri". Britanica.
- ^ "Profile: Iran's dissident Ayatollah". BBC News. 30 January 2003. Retrieved 7 June 2007.
- ^ a b Cite error: The named reference
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