Hyolitha

Hyolitha
Temporal range: Fortunian to end Permian, 536–251.9 Ma[1][2][3]
Hyolithes cerops, Spence Shale, Idaho (Middle Cambrian)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Brachiopoda
Class: †Hyolitha
Marek, 1963
Orders

See text.

Hyoliths are animals with small conical shells, known from fossils from the Palaeozoic era. They are at least considered as being lophotrochozoan, and possibly being lophophorates, a group which includes the brachiopods, while others consider them as being basal lophotrochozoans, or even molluscs.[4][5][6]

  1. ^ Kouchinsky, A.; Bengtson, S.; Runnegar, B.; Skovsted, C.; Steiner, M.; Vendrasco, M. (March 2012). "Chronology of early Cambrian biomineralization". Geological Magazine. 149 (2): 221–251. Bibcode:2012GeoM..149..221K. doi:10.1017/S0016756811000720.
  2. ^ Cite error: The named reference ref_ was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ Runnegar, Bruce; Pojeta, John; Morris, Noel J.; Taylor, John D.; Taylor, Michael E.; McClung, Graham (1975). "Biology of the Hyolitha". Lethaia. 8 (2): 181. doi:10.1111/j.1502-3931.1975.tb01311.x.
  4. ^ Cite error: The named reference ReferenceA was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ Liu, Fan; Skovsted, Christian B; Topper, Timothy P; Zhang, Zhifei; Shu, Degan (1 February 2020). "Are hyoliths Palaeozoic lophophorates?". National Science Review. 7 (2): 453–469. doi:10.1093/nsr/nwz161. ISSN 2095-5138. PMC 8289160. PMID 34692060.
  6. ^ Li, Luoyang; Skovsted, Christian B.; Topper, Timothy (August 2022). "Deep origin of the crossed‐lamellar microstructure in early Cambrian molluscs". Palaeontology. 65 (4). doi:10.1111/pala.12620. S2CID 251866827. Retrieved 25 November 2022.