Hypermasculinity

For the term used to describe negative traits associated with masculinity, see Toxic masculinity.

Hypermasculinity is a psychological and sociological term for the exaggeration of male stereotypical behavior, such as an emphasis on physical strength, aggression, and human male sexuality. In the field of clinical psychology, this term has been used ever since the publication of research by Donald L. Mosher and Mark Sirkin in 1984. Mosher and Sirkin operationally define hypermasculinity or the "macho personality" as consisting of three variables:

  • Callous sexual attitudes toward women
  • The belief that violence is manly
  • The experience of danger as exciting

They developed the Hypermasculinity Inventory (HMI) designed to measure the three components.[1] Research has found that hypermasculinity is associated with sexual and physical aggression towards women[2][3][4] and perceived gay men.[2] Prisoners have higher hypermasculinity scores than control groups.[5]

  1. ^ Mosher, Donald L.; Serkin, Mark (1984). "Measuring a macho personality constellation". Journal of Research in Personality. 18 (2). Elsevier: 150–163. doi:10.1016/0092-6566(84)90026-6.
  2. ^ a b Franklin, Karen (April 2004). "Enacting Masculinity: Antigay Violence and Group Rape as Participatory Theater". Sexuality Research & Social Policy. 1 (2). Springer Verlag: 25–40. doi:10.1525/srsp.2004.1.2.25. S2CID 143439942. Retrieved 8 July 2020 – via ResearchGate.
  3. ^ Mosher, Donald L.; Anderson, Ronald D. (1986). "Macho personality, sexual aggression, and reactions to guided imagery of realistic rape". Journal of Research in Personality. 20 (1). Elsevier: 77–94. doi:10.1016/0092-6566(86)90111-X.
  4. ^ Parrott, Dominic J.; Zeichner, Amos (2003). "Effects of hypermasculinity oh physical aggression against women". Psychology of Men & Masculinity. 4 (1). American Psychological Association: 70–78. doi:10.1037/1524-9220.4.1.70.
  5. ^ Beesley, Francis; McGuire, James (2009). "Gender-role identity and hypermasculinity in violent offending". Psychology, Crime & Law. 15 (2–3). Taylor & Francis: 251–268. doi:10.1080/10683160802190988. S2CID 144181799.