Indo-Pakistani air war of 1965

Indo-Pakistani aerial war of 1965
Part of the Indo-Pakistani war of 1965
in the
Clockwise from top left:
  • M.M. Alam poses with his F-86 Sabre
  • Formation of PAF F-86F Sabres returning to base
  • Commemorative India Post stamp
  • IAF Folland Gnat F.1
DateAugust – 23 September 1965
Location
South Asia
Result Tashkent Declaration;[1] United Nations-mandated ceasefire[2]
Territorial
changes		 Status quo ante bellum
Belligerents
 India  Pakistan
Commanders and leaders
ACM Arjan Singh AM Nur Khan
Units involved
 Indian Air Force  Pakistan Air Force
Strength
700+ aircraft[3] 280 aircraft[3]
Casualties and losses

Neutral claim[4]

  • 60–75 aircraft[4]

Indian claims

  • 35[5]-59 aircraft lost [6] Thirteen IAF aircraft lost in accidents, and three Indian civilian aircraft shot down[7]

Pakistani claim

  • 110[8]-113[9] aircraft destroyed

Neutral claim[4]

Pakistani claim

  • 19 aircraft lost[8]

Indian claim

During the Indo-Pakistani war of 1965, the Indian and Pakistani Air Forces engaged in large-scale aerial combat for the first time. In the air war, which took place in September, both air forces conducted thousands of defensive and offensive sorties over Indian and Pakistani airspace.[11] Both India and Pakistan claimed victory in the air war;[5] Pakistan claimed to have destroyed 104 Indian aircraft and lost 19, and India claimed to have destroyed 73 Pakistani aircraft and lost 35 of its own.[5] The air war ended in a stalemate.

  1. ^ Coggins, Edward V.; Coggins, Ed (2000). Wings That Stay on (illustrated ed.). Turner Publishing Company. pp. 163–164. ISBN 9781563115684.
  2. ^ Cite error: The named reference global was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ a b Paul, T. V. (10 March 1994), Asymmetric Conflicts: War Initiation by Weaker Powers, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-46621-9
  4. ^ a b c d Leonard, Thomas M. (2006). Encyclopedia of the developing world. Taylor & Francis. pp. 806–. ISBN 978-0-415-97663-3. Retrieved 14 April 2011.
  5. ^ a b c d Creveld, Martin Van (2012). The Age of Airpower (illustrated, reprint ed.). PublicAffairs. pp. 286–287. ISBN 9781610391085.
  6. ^ "Official History of IAF in 65 War" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 September 2012. Retrieved 27 July 2012.
  7. ^ Bharat-Rakshak.com "Indian Air Force Losses -1965 War". Archived from the original on 27 September 2013. Retrieved 11 February 2014.
  8. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference 1965p6 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  9. ^ a b O' Nordeen, Lon (1985). Air Warfare in the Missile Age. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. pp. 84–87. ISBN 978-0-87474-680-8.
  10. ^ The Sunday Tribune – Spectrum. Tribuneindia.com. Retrieved on 2011-04-14.
  11. ^ Singh, Jasjit. "The 1965 India-Pakistan War: IAF's Ground Reality". The Sunday Tribune, 6 May 2007.