Ingmar Bergman | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Bergman in 1966 | |
| Born | Ernst Ingmar Bergman 14 July 1918 Uppsala, Sweden |
| Died | 30 July 2007 (aged 89) Fårö, Sweden |
| Other names | Buntel Eriksson |
| Occupations |
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| Years active | 1944–2005 |
| Spouses |
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| Children | 9, including Linn, Eva, Mats, Anna and Daniel |
| Father | Erik Bergman |
| Awards | Full list |
| Signature | |
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Ernst Ingmar Bergman[a] (14 July 1918 – 30 July 2007) was a Swedish film and theatre director and screenwriter. Widely considered one of the greatest and most influential film directors of all time,[1][2][3] his films have been described as "profoundly personal meditations into the myriad struggles facing the psyche and the soul".[4] Some of his most acclaimed works include The Seventh Seal (1957), Wild Strawberries (1957), Persona (1966) and Fanny and Alexander (1982), which were included in the 2012 edition of Sight & Sound's Greatest Films of All Time.[5] Other notable works include Sawdust and Tinsel (1953), A Lesson in Love (1954), Smiles of a Summer Night (1955), The Virgin Spring (1960), Through a Glass Darkly (1961), Winter Light and The Silence (both 1963), Shame (1968), Cries and Whispers (1972), Scenes from a Marriage (1973), and Autumn Sonata (1978). He was also ranked No. 8 on the magazine's 2002 "Greatest Directors of All Time" list.[6]
Bergman directed more than 60 films and documentaries, most of which he also wrote, for both cinema releases and television screenings. Most of his films were set in Sweden, and many of his films from 1961 onward were filmed on the island of Fårö. He forged a creative partnership with his cinematographers Gunnar Fischer and Sven Nykvist. Bergman also had a theatrical career that included periods as Leading Director of Sweden's Royal Dramatic Theatre in Stockholm and of Germany's Residenztheater in Munich.[7] He directed more than 170 plays. Among his company of actors were Harriet Andersson, Bibi Andersson, Liv Ullmann, Gunnar Björnstrand, Erland Josephson, Ingrid Thulin, Gunnel Lindblom and Max von Sydow.
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- ^ Rothstein, Mervyn (30 July 2007). "Ingmar Bergman, Master Director, Dies at 89". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 31 July 2007.
Ingmar Bergman, the 'poet with the camera' who is considered one of the greatest directors in motion picture history, died today on the small island of Faro where he lived on the Baltic coast of Sweden, Astrid Soderbergh Widding, president of The Ingmar Bergman Foundation, said. Bergman was 89.
- ^ Tuohy, Andy (3 September 2015). A-Z Great Film Directors. Octopus. ISBN 9781844038558.
- ^ Gallagher, John (1 January 1989). Film Directors on Directing. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 9780275932725.
- ^ Ankeny, Jason. "Biography, Movie Highlights and Photos". AllMovie. Retrieved 4 November 2021.
- ^ "Critics' top 100". British Film Institute. Archived from the original on 7 February 2016. Retrieved 11 March 2023.
- ^ "BFI | Sight & Sound | Top Ten Poll 2002 – The Directors' Top Ten Directors". 13 October 2018. Archived from the original on 13 October 2018.
- ^ Norwich, John Julius (1985–1993). Oxford illustrated encyclopedia. Judge, Harry George., Toyne, Anthony. Oxford [England]: Oxford University Press. p. 44. ISBN 0-19-869129-7. OCLC 11814265.