Interleukin 17

Interleukin 17 family
Identifiers
SymbolIL-17_fam
PfamPF06083
InterProIPR010345
Available protein structures:
Pfam  structures / ECOD  
PDBRCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsumstructure summary
Interleukin 17A
Identifiers
SymbolIL17A
Alt. symbolsIL17, CTLA8
NCBI gene3605
HGNC5981
OMIM603149
RefSeqNP_002181
UniProtQ16552
Other data
LocusChr. 6 p12
Search for
StructuresSwiss-model
DomainsInterPro
Interleukin 17B
Identifiers
SymbolIL17B
Alt. symbolsZCOTO7
NCBI gene27190
HGNC5982
OMIM604627
RefSeqNP_055258
UniProtQ9UHF5
Other data
LocusChr. 5 q32-34
Search for
StructuresSwiss-model
DomainsInterPro
Interleukin 17C
Identifiers
SymbolIL17C
Alt. symbolsCX2
NCBI gene27189
HGNC5983
OMIM604628
RefSeqNP_037410
UniProtQ9P0M4
Other data
LocusChr. 16 q24
Search for
StructuresSwiss-model
DomainsInterPro
Interleukin 17D
Identifiers
SymbolIL17D
NCBI gene53342
HGNC5984
OMIM607587
RefSeqNP_612141
UniProtQ8TAD2
Other data
LocusChr. 13 q11
Search for
StructuresSwiss-model
DomainsInterPro
Interleukin 17E
Identifiers
SymbolIL17E
Alt. symbolsIL-25
NCBI gene64806
HGNC13765
OMIM605658
RefSeqNP_073626
UniProtQ9H293
Other data
LocusChr. 14 q11.2
Search for
StructuresSwiss-model
DomainsInterPro
Interleukin 17F
Crystallographic structure of dimeric human IL-17f.[1]
Identifiers
SymbolIL17F
Alt. symbolsML-1
NCBI gene112744
HGNC16404
OMIM606496
PDB1JPY
RefSeqNP_443104
UniProtQ96PD4
Other data
LocusChr. 6 p12
Search for
StructuresSwiss-model
DomainsInterPro

Interleukin 17 family (IL17 family) is a family of pro-inflammatory cystine knot cytokines.[2] They are produced by a group of T helper cell known as T helper 17 cell in response to their stimulation with IL-23. Originally, Th17 was identified in 1993 by Rouvier et al. who isolated IL17A transcript from a rodent T-cell hybridoma.[3] The protein encoded by IL17A is a founding member of IL-17 family (see below). IL17A protein exhibits a high homology with a viral IL-17-like protein (O40633) encoded in the genome of T-lymphotropic rhadinovirus Herpesvirus saimiri. In rodents, IL-17A is often referred to as CTLA8.[4]

The biologically active IL-17 interacts with type I cell surface receptor IL-17R. In turn, there are at least three variants of IL-17R referred to as IL17RA, IL17RB, and IL17RC.[5] After binding to the receptor, IL-17 activates several signalling cascades that, in turn, lead to the induction of chemokines. Acting as chemoattractants, these chemokines recruit the immune cells, such as monocytes and neutrophils to the site of inflammation. Typically, the signaling events mentioned above follow an invasion of the body by pathogens. Promoting the inflammation, IL-17 acts in concert with tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1.[6][7] Moreover, an activation of IL-17 signalling is often observed in the pathogenesis of various autoimmune disorders, such as psoriasis.[8]

  1. ^ PDB: 1JPY​; Hymowitz SG, Filvaroff EH, Yin JP, Lee J, Cai L, Risser P, et al. (October 2001). "IL-17s adopt a cystine knot fold: structure and activity of a novel cytokine, IL-17F, and implications for receptor binding". The EMBO Journal. 20 (19): 5332–41. doi:10.1093/emboj/20.19.5332. PMC 125646. PMID 11574464.
  2. ^ Moseley TA, Haudenschild DR, Rose L, Reddi AH (April 2003). "Interleukin-17 family and IL-17 receptors". Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews. 14 (2): 155–74. doi:10.1016/S1359-6101(03)00002-9. PMID 12651226.
  3. ^ Johansen C, Usher PA, Kjellerup RB, Lundsgaard D, Iversen L, Kragballe K (February 2009). "Characterization of the interleukin-17 isoforms and receptors in lesional psoriatic skin". The British Journal of Dermatology. 160 (2): 319–24. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08902.x. PMID 19016708. S2CID 205257996.
  4. ^ Rouvier E, Luciani MF, Mattéi MG, Denizot F, Golstein P (June 1993). "CTLA-8, cloned from an activated T cell, bearing AU-rich messenger RNA instability sequences, and homologous to a herpesvirus saimiri gene". Journal of Immunology. 150 (12): 5445–56. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.150.12.5445. PMID 8390535.
  5. ^ Starnes T, Broxmeyer HE, Robertson MJ, Hromas R (July 2002). "Cutting edge: IL-17D, a novel member of the IL-17 family, stimulates cytokine production and inhibits hemopoiesis". Journal of Immunology. 169 (2): 642–6. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.169.2.642. PMID 12097364.
  6. ^ Chiricozzi A, Guttman-Yassky E, Suárez-Fariñas M, Nograles KE, Tian S, Cardinale I, et al. (March 2011). "Integrative responses to IL-17 and TNF-α in human keratinocytes account for key inflammatory pathogenic circuits in psoriasis". The Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 131 (3): 677–87. doi:10.1038/jid.2010.340. PMID 21085185.
  7. ^ Miossec P, Korn T, Kuchroo VK (August 2009). "Interleukin-17 and type 17 helper T cells". The New England Journal of Medicine. 361 (9): 888–98. doi:10.1056/NEJMra0707449. PMID 19710487.
  8. ^ Martin DA, Towne JE, Kricorian G, Klekotka P, Gudjonsson JE, Krueger JG, Russell CB (January 2013). "The emerging role of IL-17 in the pathogenesis of psoriasis: preclinical and clinical findings". The Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 133 (1): 17–26. doi:10.1038/jid.2012.194. PMC 3568997. PMID 22673731.