Interleukin-18 (IL-18), also known as interferon-gamma inducing factor is a protein which in humans is encoded by the IL18 gene.[5][6] The protein encoded by this gene is a proinflammatory cytokine. Many cell types, both hematopoietic cells and non-hematopoietic cells, have the potential to produce IL-18. It was first described in 1989 as a factor that induced interferon-γ (IFN-γ) production in mouse spleen cells.[7] Originally, IL-18 production was recognized in Kupffer cells, and liver-resident macrophages. However, IL-18 is constitutively expressed in non-hematopoietic cells, such as intestinal epithelial cells, keratinocytes, and endothelial cells.[8] IL-18 can modulate both innate and adaptive immunity and its dysregulation can cause autoimmune or inflammatory diseases.[9][10]
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000150782 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000039217 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ Okamura H, Tsutsi H, Komatsu T, Yutsudo M, Hakura A, Tanimoto T, et al. (November 1995). "Cloning of a new cytokine that induces IFN-gamma production by T cells". Nature. 378 (6552): 88–91. Bibcode:1995Natur.378...88O. doi:10.1038/378088a0. PMID 7477296. S2CID 4323405.
- ^ Nolan KF, Greaves DR, Waldmann H (July 1998). "The human interleukin 18 gene IL18 maps to 11q22.2-q22.3, closely linked to the DRD2 gene locus and distinct from mapped IDDM loci". Genomics. 51 (1): 161–3. doi:10.1006/geno.1998.5336. PMID 9693051.
- ^ Nakamura K, Okamura H, Wada M, Nagata K, Tamura T (February 1989). "Endotoxin-induced serum factor that stimulates gamma interferon production". Infection and Immunity. 57 (2): 590–5. doi:10.1128/IAI.57.2.590-595.1989. PMC 313137. PMID 2492265.
- ^ Yasuda K, Nakanishi K, Tsutsui H (February 2019). "Interleukin-18 in Health and Disease". International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 20 (3): 649. doi:10.3390/ijms20030649. PMC 6387150. PMID 30717382.
- ^ Baker KJ, Houston A, Brint E (2019). "IL-1 Family Members in Cancer; Two Sides to Every Story". Frontiers in Immunology. 10: 1197. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.01197. PMC 6567883. PMID 31231372.
- ^ Fabbi M, Carbotti G, Ferrini S (April 2015). "Context-dependent role of IL-18 in cancer biology and counter-regulation by IL-18BP". Journal of Leukocyte Biology. 97 (4): 665–75. doi:10.1189/jlb.5RU0714-360RR. PMID 25548255. S2CID 25636657.