Interleukin 26

IL26
Identifiers
Aliases	IL26, AK155, IL-26, interleukin 26
External IDs	OMIM: 605679; HomoloGene: 81862; GeneCards: IL26; OMA:IL26 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 12 (human)
End	68,225,810 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	appendix; ; amniotic fluid; ; mucosa of transverse colon; ; granulocyte; ; lymph node; ; tonsil; ; rectum; ; cartilage tissue; ; gallbladder; ; spleen;
	n/a
	More reference expression data
	n/a
Gene ontology
Molecular function	cytokine activity;
Cellular component	cytosol; extracellular space; extracellular region;
Biological process	cell-cell signaling; positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling; positive regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT; positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; positive regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade; positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade; negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation; regulation of signaling receptor activity; cytokine-mediated signaling pathway;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	55801
	n/a
	ENSG00000111536
	n/a
	Q9NPH9
	n/a
	NM_018402
	n/a
	NP_060872
	n/a
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Interleukin-26 (IL-26) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL26 gene.^[3]^[4]^[5]

IL-26 is the most recently identified member of the IL-20 cytokine subfamily,^[6] which was formed according to the usage of common receptor subunits and similarities in target-cell profiles and functions. All cytokines belonging to this subfamily are members of the larger IL-10 family. IL-26 is expressed in certain herpesvirus-transformed T cells but not in primary stimulated T cells.^[4] IL-26 signals through a receptor complex comprising two distinct proteins called IL-20 receptor 1 and IL-10 receptor 2.^[7] By signaling through this receptor complex, IL-26 induces rapid phosphorylation of the transcription factors STAT1 and STAT3, which enhance IL-10 and IL-8 secretion and as expression of the CD54 molecule on the surface of epithelial cells.^[8]

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000111536 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Entrez Gene: interleukin 26".
^ ^a ^b Knappe A, Hör S, Wittmann S, Fickenscher H (April 2000). "Induction of a novel cellular homolog of interleukin-10, AK155, by transformation of T lymphocytes with herpesvirus saimiri". Journal of Virology. 74 (8): 3881–7. doi:10.1128/JVI.74.8.3881-3887.2000. PMC 111897. PMID 10729163.
^ Goris A, Marrosu MG, Vandenbroeck K (August 2001). "Novel polymorphisms in the IL-10 related AK155 gene (chromosome 12q15)". Genes and Immunity. 2 (5): 284–6. doi:10.1038/sj.gene.6363772. PMID 11528524. S2CID 11291286.
^ Larochette V, Miot C, Poli C, Beaumont E, Roingeard P, Fickenscher H, et al. (2019-02-12). "IL-26, a Cytokine With Roles in Extracellular DNA-Induced Inflammation and Microbial Defense". Frontiers in Immunology. 10: 204. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.00204. PMC 6379347. PMID 30809226.
^ Sheikh F, Baurin VV, Lewis-Antes A, Shah NK, Smirnov SV, Anantha S, et al. (February 2004). "Cutting edge: IL-26 signals through a novel receptor complex composed of IL-20 receptor 1 and IL-10 receptor 2". Journal of Immunology. 172 (4): 2006–10. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.172.4.2006. PMID 14764663.
^ Hör S, Pirzer H, Dumoutier L, Bauer F, Wittmann S, Sticht H, et al. (August 2004). "The T-cell lymphokine interleukin-26 targets epithelial cells through the interleukin-20 receptor 1 and interleukin-10 receptor 2 chains". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 279 (32): 33343–51. doi:10.1074/jbc.M405000200. PMID 15178681.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000111536 – Ensembl, May 2017

[2] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[entrez-3] "Entrez Gene: interleukin 26".

[pmid10729163-4] Knappe A, Hör S, Wittmann S, Fickenscher H (April 2000). "Induction of a novel cellular homolog of interleukin-10, AK155, by transformation of T lymphocytes with herpesvirus saimiri". Journal of Virology. 74 (8): 3881–7. doi:10.1128/JVI.74.8.3881-3887.2000. PMC 111897. PMID 10729163.

[pmid11528524-5] Goris A, Marrosu MG, Vandenbroeck K (August 2001). "Novel polymorphisms in the IL-10 related AK155 gene (chromosome 12q15)". Genes and Immunity. 2 (5): 284–6. doi:10.1038/sj.gene.6363772. PMID 11528524. S2CID 11291286.

[Larochette_2019-6] Larochette V, Miot C, Poli C, Beaumont E, Roingeard P, Fickenscher H, et al. (2019-02-12). "IL-26, a Cytokine With Roles in Extracellular DNA-Induced Inflammation and Microbial Defense". Frontiers in Immunology. 10: 204. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.00204. PMC 6379347. PMID 30809226.

[pmid14764663-7] Sheikh F, Baurin VV, Lewis-Antes A, Shah NK, Smirnov SV, Anantha S, et al. (February 2004). "Cutting edge: IL-26 signals through a novel receptor complex composed of IL-20 receptor 1 and IL-10 receptor 2". Journal of Immunology. 172 (4): 2006–10. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.172.4.2006. PMID 14764663.

[Hör_2004-8] Hör S, Pirzer H, Dumoutier L, Bauer F, Wittmann S, Sticht H, et al. (August 2004). "The T-cell lymphokine interleukin-26 targets epithelial cells through the interleukin-20 receptor 1 and interleukin-10 receptor 2 chains". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 279 (32): 33343–51. doi:10.1074/jbc.M405000200. PMID 15178681.

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