Isosorbide dinitrate

Isosorbide dinitrate
Clinical data
Trade namesIsordil, others[1]
Other namesISDN; (3R,3aS,6S,6aS)-hexahydrofuro[3,2-b]furan-3,6-diyl dinitrate
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa682348
License data
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: B1
Routes of
administration		By mouth
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
  • In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability10–90%, average 25%
MetabolismLiver
Elimination half-life1 hour
ExcretionKidney
Identifiers
  • 1,4:3,6-dianhydro-2,5-di-O-nitro-D-glucitol
CAS Number
PubChem CID
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.001.583 Edit this at Wikidata
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC6H8N2O8
Molar mass236.136 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • [O-][N+](=O)O[C@H]1[C@H]2OC[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]2OC1
  • InChI=1S/C6H8N2O8/c9-7(10)15-3-1-13-6-4(16-8(11)12)2-14-5(3)6/h3-6H,1-2H2/t3-,4+,5-,6-/m1/s1 checkY
  • Key:MOYKHGMNXAOIAT-JGWLITMVSA-N checkY
 ☒NcheckY (what is this?)  (verify)

Isosorbide dinitrate is a medication used for heart failure, esophageal spasms, and to treat and prevent chest pain from not enough blood flow to the heart.[1] It has been found to be particularly useful in heart failure due to systolic dysfunction together with hydralazine.[2][1] It is taken by mouth or under the tongue.[1]

Common side effects include headache, lightheadedness with standing, and blurred vision.[1] Severe side effects include low blood pressure.[1] It is unclear if use in pregnancy is safe for the baby.[1] It should not be used together with PDE5 Inhibitors.[1] Isosorbide dinitrate is in the nitrate family of medications and works by dilating blood vessels.[1]

Isosorbide dinitrate was first written about in 1939.[3] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[4] Isosorbide dinitrate is available as a generic medication.[1][5] A long-acting form exists.[1] In 2022, isosorbide was the 119th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 5 million prescriptions.[6][7]

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Isosorbide Dinitrate/Mononitrate". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
  2. ^ Chavey WE, Bleske BE, Van Harrison R, Hogikyan RV, Kesterson SK, Nicklas JM (April 2008). "Pharmacologic management of heart failure caused by systolic dysfunction". American Family Physician. 77 (7): 957–964. PMID 18441861.
  3. ^ Fischer J, Ganellin CR (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 454. ISBN 9783527607495. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016.
  4. ^ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
  5. ^ "Competitive Generic Therapy Approvals". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 29 June 2023. Archived from the original on 29 June 2023. Retrieved 29 June 2023.
  6. ^ "The Top 300 of 2022". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 30 August 2024. Retrieved 30 August 2024.
  7. ^ "Isosorbide Drug Usage Statistics, United States, 2013 - 2022". ClinCalc. Retrieved 30 August 2024.