Israel Borisovich Gusman (August 18, 1917 – January 29, 2003) was a Soviet conductor and professor of music at the Nizhny Novgorod Conservatory. The son of music critic and victim of the Great Purges Boris Gusman, Israel performed music at the front in Ukraine and Poland during World War II, and later served as musical conductor for the Kharkiv Orchestra and for the Bolshoi Theatre. In 1978 Gusman was awarded the prestigious People's Artist of the RSFSR.