Jacques Laffitte | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Member of the Chamber of Deputies for Seine-Inférieure | |
| In office 2 March 1839 – 26 May 1844 | |
| Preceded by | Jean-François Izarn |
| Succeeded by | Henry Barbet |
| Constituency | Rouen |
| In office 21 June 1834 – 8 February 1838 | |
| Preceded by | Jacques Asselin de Villequier |
| Succeeded by | Jean-François Izarn |
| Constituency | Rouen |
| Prime Minister of France | |
| In office 2 November 1830 – 13 March 1831 | |
| Monarch | Louis Philippe I |
| Preceded by | Jules de Polignac |
| Succeeded by | Casimir Perier |
| President of the Chamber of Deputies | |
| In office 21 August 1830 – 11 November 1830 | |
| Monarch | Louis Philippe I |
| Preceded by | Casimir Perier |
| Succeeded by | Casimir Perier |
| Member of the Chamber of Deputies for Basses-Pyrénées | |
| In office 29 March 1827 – 21 June 1834 | |
| Preceded by | Jean de Nays Candau |
| Succeeded by | Jean Isidore Harispe |
| Constituency | Bayonne |
| Member of the Chamber of Deputies for Seine | |
| In office 8 February 1838 – 2 March 1839 | |
| Preceded by | Antoine Odier |
| Succeeded by | Emmanuel de Las Cases |
| Constituency | Paris (6th arrondissement) |
| In office 8 May 1815 – 25 February 1824 | |
| Preceded by | Gaspard Louis Caze de La Bove |
| Succeeded by | Jacques-Charles Dupont de l'Eure |
| Constituency | Paris (2nd arrondissement) |
| Governor of the Bank of France | |
| In office 6 April 1814 – 1820 | |
| Preceded by | François Jaubert |
| Succeeded by | Martin-Michel-Charles Gaudin |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 24 October 1767 Bayonne, Labourd, France |
| Died | 26 May 1844 (aged 76) Paris, France |
| Resting place | Père Lachaise Cemetery |
| Political party | Doctrinaires (1815–1830) Movement Party (1830–1844) |
| Profession | Businessman, banker |
| Signature |  |
Jacques Laffitte (24 October 1767 – 26 May 1844) was a leading French banker, governor of the Bank of France (1814–1820) and liberal member of the Chamber of Deputies during the Bourbon Restoration and July Monarchy. He was an important figure in the development of new banking techniques during the early stages of industrialization in France. In politics, he played a decisive role during the Revolution of 1830 that brought Louis-Philippe, the duc d'Orléans, to the throne, replacing the unpopular Bourbon king Charles X.
Laffitte was named president of the new Citizen King's Council of Ministers and Minister of Finances (2 November 1830 – 13 March 1831). After a brief ministry of 131 days, his "Party of Movement" gave way before the "Party of Order" led by the banker Casimir-Pierre Périer. Laffitte left office discredited politically and financially ruined. He rebounded financially in 1836 with his creation of the Caisse Générale du Commerce et de l'Industrie, a forerunner of French investment banks of the second half of the 19th century such as the Crédit Mobilier (1852). The Caisse Générale did not survive the financial crisis caused by the Revolution of 1848.[1]
- ^ There is no biography of Laffitte in English. The excellent, most recent biography in French is by Virginie Monnier, Jacques Laffitte. Roi des banquiers et banquier des rois (Bruxelles, 2013). In 2007 a colloquium on Jacques Laffitte was held at the Château de Maisons and the papers delivered were published subsequently in the Bulletin de la Société des amis du château de Maisons, No.3 (2008).