James Alexander Miller (de) (May 27, 1915 – December 24, 2000) was an American biochemist who, working alongside his wife Elizabeth C. Miller, was Professor Emeritus of Oncology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research. Together, they "made seminal discoveries related to the metabolism of synthetic and naturally occurring chemicals to toxic and/or carcinogenic electrophilic metabolites, and to the enzymology and regulation of xenobiotic metabolism." They won the Charles S. Mott Prize in 1980 and were the only husband/wife team jointly elected to membership in the National Academy of Sciences.[1]