James Squire | |
|---|---|
| Born | Kingston upon Thames, England |
| Baptised | 18 December 1754 |
| Died | 16 May 1822 (aged 67) Kissing Point, New South Wales, Australia |
| Other names | James Squires |
| Occupations | Primarily a brewer, but also:
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| Spouse | Martha Quinton. Left in England when Squire was transported. |
| Partners |
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| Children | 11 |
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James Squire, alternatively known as James Squires, (bapt. 18 December 1754 – 16 May 1822) was a First Fleet convict transported to Australia.[1][2] Squire is credited with the first successful cultivation of hops in Australia around the start of the 19th century. First officially brewing beer in Australia in 1790; James later founded Australia's first commercial brewery making beer using barley and hops in 1798, although John Boston appears to have opened a brewery making a form of corn beer two years earlier.[3]
Squire was convicted of stealing in 1785 and was transported to Australia as a convict on the First Fleet in 1788. Squire ran a number of successful ventures during his life, including a farm, a popular tavern called The Malting Shovel, a bakery, a butcher shop and a credit union. He also became a town constable in the Eastern Farms district of Sydney. As a testament to the rise of position in society (from shame to fame), his death in 1822 was marked with the biggest funeral ever held in the colony.
- ^ Walsh, G P. "Squire, James (1754–1822)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 28 January 2021.
- ^ HMS Daedalus first arrived in Sydney in 1793
- ^ Iltis, Judith. "Boston, John (? – 1804)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 28 January 2021.