Historical self-governing communities in the Caucasus
The Djaro-Belokani communities (also Char, Car, Jar, Djari, Chary, rarely Chartalah)[1] were a group of self-governing communities in the Caucasus from the 17th to the 19th centuries. They had close ties with the Elisu Sultanate to the southeast.
^Moishe Gammer, Muslim Resistance to the Tsar who uses Arabic spellings, this being the local learned language