Jiangxi

Jiangxi 江西
Province
Province of Jiangxi
Name transcription(s)
• Chinese	江西省 (Jiāngxī Shěng)
• Abbreviation	JX / 赣 (pinyin: Gàn; Gan Chinese: Kōm)
• Gan	Kongsi
• Hakka Pinyim	Gong1 Si1 Sen3
Mount Lu
Map showing the location of Jiangxi Province
Coordinates: 27°18′N 116°00′E / 27.3°N 116.0°E / 27.3; 116.0
Country	China
Named for	Short for Jiangnanxi Circuit (江南西道)
Capital	Nanchang
Largest City	Ganzhou
Divisions	11 prefectures, 99 counties, 1549 townships
Government
• Type	Province
• Body	Jiangxi Provincial People's Congress
• CCP Secretary	Yin Hong
• Congress chairman	Yin Hong
• Governor	Ye Jianchun
• CPPCC chairman	vacant
• National People's Congress Representation	80 deputies
Area
• Total	166,919 km2 (64,448 sq mi)
• Rank	18th
Highest elevation (Mt. Huanggang)	2,158 m (7,080 ft)
Population  (2020)[1]
• Total	45,188,635
• Rank	13th
• Density	270/km2 (700/sq mi)
• Rank	16th
Demographics
• Ethnic composition	Han – 99.7% She – 0.2%
• Languages and dialects	Gan, Hakka, Huizhou, Wu, Jianghuai Mandarin
GDP (2023)[2]
• Total	CN¥ 3,220 billion (15th) US$ 457 billion
• Per capita	CN¥ 71,216 (21th) US$ 10,106
ISO 3166 code	CN-JX
HDI (2022)	0.768[3] (19th) – high
Website	jiangxi.gov.cn

Jiangxi
"Jiangxi" in Chinese characters
Chinese	江西
Gan	Kong si
Postal	Kiangsi
Literal meaning	"Western Jiang[nan]"
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Jiāngxī Bopomofo ㄐㄧㄤ   ㄒㄧ Gwoyeu Romatzyh Jiangshi Wade–Giles Chiang1-hsi1 IPA [tɕjáŋ.ɕí] Wu Romanization Kaon平si平 Gan Romanization Kong si Yue: Cantonese Yale Romanization Gōng-sāi Jyutping Gong1-sai1 IPA [kɔŋ˥.sɐj˥] Southern Min Tâi-lô Kang-sai

Jiangxi^[a] is an inland province in the east of the People's Republic of China. Its major cities include Nanchang and Jiujiang. Spanning from the banks of the Yangtze river in the north into hillier areas in the south and east, it shares a border with Anhui to the north, Zhejiang to the northeast, Fujian to the east, Guangdong to the south, Hunan to the west, and Hubei to the northwest.^[6]

The name "Jiangxi" is derived from the circuit administrated under the Tang dynasty in 733, Jiangnanxidao.^[b] The abbreviation for Jiangxi is "赣",^[c] for the Gan River which runs across from the south to the north and flows into the Yangtze River. Jiangxi is also alternately called Ganpo Dadi^[d] which literally means the "Great Land of Gan and Po".

After the fall of the Qing dynasty, Jiangxi became one of the earliest bases for the Communists and many peasants were recruited to join the growing people's revolution. The Nanchang Uprising took place in Jiangxi on August 1, 1927, during the Chinese Civil War. Later the Communist leadership hid in the mountains of southern and western Jiangxi, hiding from the Kuomintang's attempts to eradicate them. In 1931, the Chinese Soviet Republic's government was established in Ruijin, which is sometimes called the "Former Red Capital",^[e] or just the "Red Capital". In 1935, after complete encirclement by the Nationalist forces, the Communists broke through and began the Long March to Yan'an.

The southern half of Jiangxi is hilly and mountainous, with ranges and valleys interspersed; notable mountains and mountain ranges include Mount Lu, the Jinggang Mountains and Mount Sanqing. The northern half is comparatively lower in altitude. The Gan River flows through the province.

Although the majority of Jiangxi's population is Han Chinese, Jiangxi is linguistically diverse. It is considered the center of Gan Chinese; Hakka Chinese, is also spoken to some degree. Jiangxi is rich in mineral resources, leading the provinces of China in deposits of copper, tungsten, gold, silver, uranium, thorium, tantalum, niobium and lithium.^[8]

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