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Johann Friedrich von Salm-Grumbach (5 November 1743 - 11 September 1819) was a member of the noble family of Wild and Rhinegrave from the line of Salm-Grumbach. In the mid-1780s, he served as colonel of a legion of the States General of the Netherlands, then of the States of Holland and West Friesland.[2] As the intended successor to Field Marshal Duke Louis Ernest of Brunswick-Lüneburg, who had left the Netherlands in October 1784, he played a significant role in the conflict between the Dutch Patriots and Orangists until mid-September 1787.
Supported by the Patriots, who advocated for a representative representation of the bourgeoisie, he temporarily assumed the position of de facto general and commander-in-chief of the armed forces in Holland in 1786; de jure, Albert van Rijssel was appointed. Later, he commanded several Free Corps in Utrecht until the Prussian invasion of Holland in 1787 strengthened the position of the Stadtholder William V of Orange again. Criticism of Salm's military judgment arose primarily due to the hasty evacuation of Utrecht; afterwards, he was often referred to as a "stylish failure".
^August Ludwig von Schlözer: Ludwig Ernst, Herzog zu Braunschweig und Lüneburg, kaiserl. königl. und des h. Römischen Reiches FeldMarschall etc.: Ein Aktenmäßiger Bericht […]. 3. Ausgabe, Vandenhoek-Ruprechtscher Verlag, Göttingen 1787, S. 615 (PDF)
^Gottlob Friedrich Krebel: Europäisches Genealogisches Handbuch. Johann Friedrich Gleditsche Handlung, Leipzig 1790, S. 32 (Google Books)
^Genealogisches und Staats-Handbuch. 65. Jahrgang, Verlag von Johann Friedrich Wenner, Frankfurt am Main 1827, S. 555, 557 (Google Books)
^Hermann Wendel: Die beiden Salm, ein Justizirrtum der Geschichte. In: Frankfurter Zeitung, 24. Februar 1933; vgl. Annales Historiques de la Révolution Française. Vol. 10 (1933), S. 360
^Friedrich Christoph Schlosser: Geschiedenis der achttiende eeuw en der negentiende tot den ondergang van het Fransche keizerrijk. Band 3, van Druten & Bleeker, Sneek 1859, S. 304, 309 (Google Books)