John Dougherty Barbour JP DL (3 March 1824 – 1901) was an Irish industrialist and politician. His middle name is sometimes written as "Doherty."
Born in Castle Street, Lisburn, County Antrim, the son of William Barbour, he entered the linen business (William Barbour & Sons) established by his grandfather in Lisburn. His brother, Thomas Barbour, opened a branch of the firm in America. Amongst Barbour's children were Sir Milne Barbour, Bt. and Helen Reilly Barbour, who married Thomas Andrews, designer of the RMS Titanic