Joseph of Anchieta | |
|---|---|
 José de Anchieta, by painter Benedito Calixto | |
| Apostle of Brazil Priest, Missionary, Religious | |
| Born | 19 March 1534 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spanish Empire |
| Died | 9 June 1597 (aged 63) Reritiba, Espírito Santo, Governorate General of Brazil, Iberian Union |
| Venerated in | Catholic Church (Brazil, Canary Islands, and the Society of Jesus) |
| Beatified | 22 June 1980, Saint Peter's Square, Vatican City, by Pope John Paul II |
| Canonized | 3 April 2014 (equivalent canonization), Vatican City, by Pope Francis |
| Major shrine | Cathedral of San Cristóbal de La Laguna (in Canary Islands) and National Shrine of Saint José de Anchieta (in Brazil) |
| Feast | 9 June |
| Attributes | Gospel Book, Crucifix and Cane |
| Patronage | Catechists, against animal attacks, of those who suffer scoliosis and compatrono of Brazil |
| Signature | |
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José de Anchieta y Díaz de Clavijo, SJ (Joseph of Anchieta; 19 March 1534 – 9 June 1597) was a Canarian Jesuit missionary to the Portuguese colony of Brazil in the second half of the 16th century. A highly influential figure in Brazil's history in the first century after its European discovery, Anchieta was one of the founders of São Paulo in 1554 and of Rio de Janeiro in 1565.[1] He is the first playwright, the first grammarian and the first poet born in the Canary Islands, and is considered the father of Brazilian literature.
Anchieta took part in the religious instruction, evangelization, and conversion to the Catholic faith of the Indian population. His efforts along with those of another Jesuit missionary, Manuel da Nóbrega, at Indian pacification were crucial to the establishment of stable colonial settlements in the colony.
With his book Arte de gramática da língua mais usada na costa do Brasil (1595), Anchieta became the first person to provide an orthography to Old Tupi, the language most commonly spoken along the coast of Brazil.
Anchieta is familiarly known as "the Apostle of Brazil". He was canonized by Pope Francis on 3 April 2014. He was the second native of the Canary Islands, after Peter of Saint Joseph de Betancur[2] – also a missionary to Latin America – to be declared a saint by the Catholic Church, both canonized in the 21st century. Anchieta is also considered the third saint of Brazil.[3]
- ^ "José de Anchieta, el español que fundó Sao Paulo y Río de Janeiro". Revista de Historia. 29 March 2021. Retrieved 16 September 2024.
- ^ Ginovés, Patricia (2 April 2014). "El Papa convierte hoy al Padre Anchieta en santo". La Opinión de Tenerife (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 18 December 2015. Retrieved 27 October 2023.
- ^ José de Anchieta será o terceiro santo do Brasil