Juhayman al-Otaybi | |
|---|---|
جهيمان العتيبي | |
 Juhayman in captivity, 1980 | |
| Born | 16 September 1936 Sajir, Saudi Arabia |
| Died | 9 January 1980 (aged 43) Mecca, Saudi Arabia |
| Cause of death | Decapitation |
| Alma mater | Islamic University of Medina |
| Occupation | Leader of the Ikhwan |
| Known for | Directing the Grand Mosque seizure in 1979 |
| Movement | Salafi Islamism/Islamic Revivalism |
| Children | Hathal bin Juhayman al-Otaybi[1] |
| Family | Tribe of Otaibah |
| Military career | |
| Allegiance |  Saudi Arabia |
| Service | National Guard |
| Years of service | 1955–1973 |
Juhayman ibn Muhammad ibn Sayf al-Otaybi (Arabic: جهيمان بن محمد بن سيف العتيبي; 16 September 1936[2][3] – 9 January 1980) was a Saudi religious dissident and ex-soldier who led the Ikhwan during their Grand Mosque seizure in 1979. He and his followers besieged and took over the Grand Mosque of Mecca on 20 November 1979 (1 Muharram 1400) and held it for two weeks. During this time, he called for an uprising against the House of Saud and also reportedly proclaimed that the Mahdi had arrived in the form of one of the Ikhwan's leading officials; al-Otaybi's insurgency ended with Saudi authorities capturing the surviving militants and publicly executing them all, including al-Otaybi. The incident led to widespread unrest, culminating in large-scale anti-American riots throughout the Muslim world, particularly after Iranian religious cleric Ruhollah Khomeini of the Islamic Revolution falsely claimed over a radio broadcast that Juhayman's insurgency at the holiest Islamic site had been orchestrated by the United States and Israel.[4][5][6]
- ^ "Mecca attacker Juhayman's son overcomes father's legacy, becomes Saudi colonel". Al Arabiya. 3 September 2018. Archived from the original on 28 September 2022. Retrieved 6 January 2024.
- ^ Krämer 2000, p. 262.
- ^ Graham, Douglas F.; Peter W. Wilson (1994). Saudi Arabia: The Coming Storm. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe. p. 57. ISBN 1-56324-394-6.
- ^ Wright, Robin B. (2001). Sacred Rage: The Wrath of Militant Islam. Simon & Schuster. p. 149.
- ^ [On 2 December 1979.] EMBASSY OF THE U.S. IN LIBYA IS STORMED BY A CROWD OF 2,000; Fires Damage the Building but All Americans Escape – Attack Draws a Strong Protest Relations Have Been Cool Escaped without Harm 2,000 Libyan Demonstrators Storm the U.S. Embassy Stringent Security Measures Official Involvement Uncertain, New York Times, 3 December 1979
- ^ Soviet "Active Measures": Forgery, Disinformation, Political Operations (PDF). Bureau of Public Affairs (Report). Washington, D.C., United States of America: United States Department of State. 1 October 1981. p. 4. Retrieved 21 January 2022.