Julius Axelrod

Julius Axelrod
Born(1912-05-30)May 30, 1912
New York City, U.S.
DiedDecember 29, 2004(2004-12-29) (aged 92)
Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.
Alma materCity College of New York (BS)
New York University (MS)
George Washington University (PhD)
Known forCatecholamine metabolism
Spouse
Sally Taub
​
​
(m. 1938; died 1992)​
ChildrenTwo sons - Paul and Alfred
Awards
Scientific career
FieldsBiochemistry
InstitutionsNational Institutes of Health
Academic advisorsBernard Brodie[citation needed]

Julius Axelrod (May 30, 1912 – December 29, 2004)[1] was an American biochemist. He won a share of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1970 along with Bernard Katz and Ulf von Euler.[2][3][4][5] The Nobel Committee honored him for his work on the release and reuptake of catecholamine neurotransmitters, a class of chemicals in the brain that include epinephrine, norepinephrine, and, as was later discovered, dopamine. Axelrod also made major contributions to the understanding of the pineal gland and how it is regulated during the sleep-wake cycle.[6][7][8]

  1. ^ a b Iversen, L. (2006). "Julius Axelrod. 30 May 1912 -- 29 December 2004: Elected ForMemRS 1979". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 52: 1–13. doi:10.1098/rsbm.2006.0002. PMID 18543469. S2CID 39140897.
  2. ^ Udenfriend, S. (1970). "Nobel prize: 3 share 1970 award for medical research. 1. Von Euler and Axelrod". Science. 170 (3956): 422–423. doi:10.1126/science.170.3956.422. PMID 4394111.
  3. ^ Raju, T. N. (1999). "The Nobel chronicles. 1970: Bernard Katz (b 1911), Ulf Svante von Euler (1905-1983), and Julius Axelrod (b 1912)". Lancet. 354 (9181): 873. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(99)80056-7. PMID 10485764. S2CID 54313055.
  4. ^ Shafrir, E. (1994). "Julius Axelrod, Bernard Katz and Ulf von Euler--Nobel Prize winners for the discovery of mechanisms of nerve signal transmission". Israel Journal of Medical Sciences. 30 (11): 869. PMID 7982784.
  5. ^ Shampo, M. A.; Kyle, R. A. (1994). "Julius Axelrod--American biochemist and Nobel Prize winner". Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 69 (2): 136. doi:10.1016/s0025-6196(12)61039-8. PMID 8309264.
  6. ^ Coyle, J. T. (2005). "Julius Axelrod (1912–2004)". Molecular Psychiatry. 10 (3): 225–226. doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4001650. PMID 15738927.
  7. ^ Snyder, S. H. (2005). "Obituary: Julius Axelrod (1912–2004)". Nature. 433 (7026): 593. Bibcode:2005Natur.433..593S. doi:10.1038/433593a. PMID 15703735. S2CID 4413335.
  8. ^ Pincock, S. (2005). "Julius Axelrod". The Lancet. 365 (9457): 380. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)17814-3. PMID 15688459. S2CID 38956854.