 Masthead from 1872 of Ka Nupepa Kuokoa | |
| Founder(s) | Henry Martyn Whitney |
|---|---|
| Founded | 1861 |
| Language | Hawaiian |
| Ceased publication | 1927 |
| OCLC number | 8820867 |
Ka Nupepa Kuokoa (The Independent Newspaper) was a Hawaiian language newspaper which ran in circulation for 66 years (1861–1927)[1] as the most popular Hawaiian national journal.[2] In the Hawaiian Language kuokoa means "independent".[1] The paper was begun in 1861, shortly after David Kalākaua began the first Hawaiian language, national paper entitled; Ka Hoku o Ka Pakipika (Star of the Pacific) edited by Hawaiians for Hawaiian interests. Henry Martyn Whitney, the son of missionaries[2] began Kuokoa to run alongside his other publication, the Pacific Commercial Advertiser soon afterwards.[3]
Whitney's two papers followed a similar political ideology from the missionary establishment of the time, however it was popular among the Hawaiian people due to the rich history, genealogies and mele (Hawaiian song) it printed regularly. Whitney himself was heavily influenced by American values, supported annexation, and held the Hawaiian people with little regard.[3]
- ^ a b Mary Kawena Pukui; Samuel H. Elbert (1 January 1986). Hawaiian Dictionary: Hawaiian-English, English-Hawaiian. University of Hawaii Press. p. 184. ISBN 978-0-8248-0703-0.
- ^ a b Ulrich Marzolph (2007). The Arabian Nights in Transnational Perspective. Wayne State University Press. p. 162. ISBN 0-8143-3287-0.
- ^ a b Ibrahim G. Aoudé; Marion Kelly (January 1999). The Ethnic Studies Story: Politics and Social Movements in Hawaiʻi : Essays in Honor of Marion Kelly. University of Hawaii Press. pp. 232–233. ISBN 978-0-8248-2244-6.