Kareniaceae | |
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Anatomy of Karenia brevis | |
Karenia brevis | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Clade: | Diaphoretickes |
Clade: | SAR |
Clade: | Alveolata |
Phylum: | Myzozoa |
Superclass: | Dinoflagellata |
Class: | Dinophyceae |
Order: | Gymnodiniales |
Family: | Kareniaceae |
Kareniaceae is a accepted marine family of relatively small, toxic, unarmored dinoflagellates belonging to the order Gymnodiniales.[1][2] Species in the Kareniaceae clade often times cause discolored green Harmful algea blooms (HABs) that pose a safety and health risk to humans (H. sapiens) and the regions around it. Such blooms also pose a risk to coastal aquaculture worldwide, especially places like France, Atlantic ocean, the English channel and the Mediterranean sea.[3][4]
Species in this family produces Neurotoxins like Brevetoxin which causes Human Shellfish Poisoning (HSP), respiratory effects and mass fish death.[5]