| Karlodinium | |
|---|---|
| |
| Karlodinium veneficum | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Clade: | Diaphoretickes |
| Clade: | SAR |
| Clade: | Alveolata |
| Phylum: | Myzozoa |
| Superclass: | Dinoflagellata |
| Class: | Dinophyceae |
| Order: | Gymnodiniales |
| Family: | Kareniaceae |
| Genus: | Karlodinium J.Larsen |
| Species | |
|
See text | |
Karlodinium is a genus of athecate dinoflagellates that lives worldwide.[1] They are often toxin producing, and compared to the other members of the Kareniaceae, are fairly small at <8-15 μm diameter. They are also able to form intense algal blooms.[2] This species relies of photosynthesis and phagotrphy to grow.[3]
- ^ Müller, Marius N.; Dorantes-Aranda, Juan José; Seger, Andreas; Botana, Marina T.; Brandini, Frederico P.; Hallegraeff, Gustaaf M. (2019). "Ichthyotoxicity of the Dinoflagellate Karlodinium veneficum in Response to Changes in Seawater pH" (PDF). Frontiers in Marine Science. 6. doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00082. ISSN 2296-7745.
- ^ Place, Allen R.; Bowers, Holly A.; Bachvaroff, Tsetvan R.; Adolf, Jason E.; Deeds, Jonathan R.; Sheng, Jian (2012). "Karlodinium veneficum—The little dinoflagellate with a big bite". Harmful Algae. 14. Elsevier BV: 179–195. doi:10.1016/j.hal.2011.10.021. ISSN 1568-9883.
- ^ Place, Allen R.; Bowers, Holly A.; Bachvaroff, Tsetvan R.; Adolf, Jason E.; Deeds, Jonathan R.; Sheng, Jian (2012-02-01). "Karlodinium veneficum—The little dinoflagellate with a big bite". Harmful Algae. Harmful Algae--The requirement for species-specific information. 14: 179–195. doi:10.1016/j.hal.2011.10.021. ISSN 1568-9883.