Khandayat (caste)

Khandayat
ReligionsHinduism
LanguagesOdia, Bengali
Populated statesOdisha
Population1,010,146 (1931 census)[1]

Khandayat, also spelled Khandait, is a cultivating caste,[2][3] as well as a peasant militia [3] or landed militia caste from Odisha, East India.[4][5] Some of them had earlier served as feudal chiefs as well as zamindars apart from being land holders and agriculturalists.[6][7][8][9] Numerically they are the largest caste of the state.[10]

  1. ^ Lacey, W. g (1932). Bihar and Orissa – Census Of India 1931. Vol. 7. Part II, Tables. p. 138.
  2. ^ Bailey, Frederick George (1970). Politics and Social Change. University of California Press. p. 132.
  3. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference Congress1997 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ Hayami, Yōko; Tanabe, Akio; Tokita-Tanabe, Yumiko (2003). Gender and Modernity: Perspectives from Asia and the Pacific. Kyoto University Press. p. 68. ISBN 978-4-87698-451-0. land that had been granted to chiefs ( dalabehera ) , sub - chiefs ( dalai ) , and peasant foot - soldiers ( paik ) - primarily of the Khandayat caste.
  5. ^ Pati, Rabindra Nath (2008). Family Planning. APH Publishing. ISBN 978-81-313-0352-8.
  6. ^ Ernst, Waltraud; Pati, Biswamoy (18 October 2007). India's Princely States: People, Princes and Colonialism. Routledge. p. 89. ISBN 978-1-134-11988-2. As highlighted above, most of the chiefs, zamindars, privileged tenure holders were Kshatriyas/Khandayats - this marked them out as rulers.
  7. ^ Bhola, Sudhira Chandra (1990). British Economic Policy in Orissa. Discovery Publishing House. p. 179. ISBN 978-81-7141-075-0.
  8. ^ Samal, J. K. (1990). Economic History of Orissa, 1866-1912. Mittal Publications. pp. Vii. ISBN 978-81-7099-218-9.
  9. ^ Patnaik, Nihar Ranjan (1997). Economic History of Orissa. Indus Publishing. p. 157. ISBN 978-81-7387-075-0. These estates were generally held by Khandayat militia chiefs who earlier served the Gajapati Kings.
  10. ^ Punjab Journal of Politics. Department of Political Science, Guru Nanak Dev University. 1986. p. 88.