Kirov-class battlecruiser

	Kirov-class battlecruiser Frunze
Class overview
Name	Kirov class
Builders	Baltic Shipyard, Leningrad
Operators	Soviet Navy; Russian Navy;
Preceded by	Kara class
Succeeded by	Lider class
Built	1974–1998
In service	1980–present
Planned	5
Completed	4
Cancelled	1
Active	1 (1 undergoing refit)
Retired	2
General characteristics
Type	Heavy guided-missile cruiser/battlecruiser
Displacement	24,300 tons standard; 28,000 tons full load;
Length	252 m (827 ft)
Beam	28.5 m (94 ft)
Draft	9.1 m (30 ft)
Propulsion	2-shaft CONAS, 2× KN-3 nuclear marine propulsion with 2× GT3A-688 steam turbines; 140,000 shp (100,000 kW);
Speed	32 knots (59 km/h; 37 mph)
Range	1,000 nmi (1,900 km; 1,200 mi) at 30 kn (56 km/h; 35 mph) (combined propulsion); unlimited at 20 kn (37 km/h; 23 mph) on nuclear power;
Complement	710
Sensors and ; processing systems	Radars: (NATO reporting name):; Voskhod MR-800 (Top Pair) search 3D radar, foremast; Fregat MR-710 (Top Plate) 3D search radar, main mast; 2 × Palm Frond navigation radar, foremast; Sonar:; Horse Jaw LF hull sonar; Horse Tail VDS (Variable Depth Sonar); Combat Management System:; Lesorub-44 combat information control system;
Electronic warfare ; & decoys	2 × PK-2 Decoy dispensers (400 rockets)
Armament	Missiles:; 20 × P-700 Granit (SS-N-19 Shipwreck) AShM; 96 × S-300F Fort (SA-N-6 Grumble) surface-to-air missiles (Ushakov, Lazarev, Nakhimov)[citation needed]; 48 × S-300F Fort and 48 S-300FM Fort-M (SA-N-20 Gargoyle) long-range SAM (Pyotr Velikiy); 64 × 3K95 Kinzhal (SA-N-9 Gauntlet) Only installed on Pyotr Veiliky (8 x 8). Space reserved for 128 missiles on Admiral Lazarev, Admiral Nakhimov and Pyotr Veiliky point defense SAM; 40 × OSA-MA (SA-N-4 Gecko) PD SAM. Not on Pyotr Velikiy; Guns:; 1 × twin AK-130 130 mm/L70 dual-purpose gun (2 × AK-100 100 mm/L60 DP guns in Ushakov); 8 × AK-630 six-barreled Gatling 30 mm/L60 PD guns (Ushakov, Lazarev); 6 × CADS-N-1 Kortik gun/missile system (Nakhimov, Pyotr Velikiy); Torpedoes and others:; 2 × 6 RBU-1000 305 mm ASW rocket launchers; 1 × 10 (Udav-1) 254 mm ASW rocket launchers; 10 × 533 mm ASW/ASuW torpedo tubes, Type 53 torpedo or RPK-2 Vyuga (SS-N-15) ASW missile;
Armour	76 mm plating around reactor compartment, light splinter protection
Aircraft carried	3 helicopters
Aviation facilities	Below-deck hangar

The Kirov class, Soviet designation Project 1144 Orlan (Russian: Орлан, lit. 'sea eagle'), is a class of nuclear-powered guided-missile heavy cruisers of the Soviet Navy and Russian Navy, the largest and heaviest surface combatant warships (i.e. not an aircraft carrier or amphibious assault ship) in operation in the world. Among modern warships, they are second in size only to large aircraft carriers; they are similar in size to a World War I-era battleship. Defence commentators in the West often refer to these ships as battlecruisers – due to their size and general appearance.^[3] The Soviet classification of the ship-type is "heavy nuclear-powered guided-missile cruiser" (Russian: тяжёлый атомный ракетный крейсер).

The appearance of the Kirov class (first exemplar commissioned in 1979) played a key role in the recommissioning of the Iowa-class battleships by the United States Navy in the 1980s.^[4]^[5]^[6]

The Kirov class hull-design was also used for the Soviet nuclear-powered command and control ship SSV-33 Ural.

^ "Kirov (Orlan) Class (Type 1144.1/1144.2) (CGN)". Jane's. 8 September 2000. Archived from the original on 15 April 2009.
^ ^a ^b ^c Cite error: The named reference rian20120920 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Armi da guerra, De Agostini, Novara, 1985.
^ Middleton, Drew (13 March 1981). "Pentagon likes budget proposal, but questions specifics". The New York Times. p. A14.
^ Bishop, p. 80.
^ Miller & Miller, p. 114.

[1] "Kirov (Orlan) Class (Type 1144.1/1144.2) (CGN)". Jane's. 8 September 2000. Archived from the original on 15 April 2009.

[rian20120920-2] Cite error: The named reference rian20120920 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[3] Armi da guerra, De Agostini, Novara, 1985.

[4] Middleton, Drew (13 March 1981). "Pentagon likes budget proposal, but questions specifics". The New York Times. p. A14.

[5] Bishop, p. 80.

[6] Miller & Miller, p. 114.

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[2]

[3]

[4]

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[6]

Class overview
Kirov-class battlecruiser Frunze
Name	Kirov class
Builders	Baltic Shipyard, Leningrad
Operators	Soviet Navy Russian Navy
Preceded by	Kara class
Succeeded by	Lider class
Built	1974–1998
In service	1980–present
Planned	5
Completed	4
Cancelled	1
Active	1 (1 undergoing refit)
Retired	2
General characteristics
Type	Heavy guided-missile cruiser/battlecruiser
Displacement	24,300 tons standard 28,000 tons full load
Length	252 m (827 ft)
Beam	28.5 m (94 ft)
Draft	9.1 m (30 ft)
Propulsion	2-shaft CONAS, 2× KN-3 nuclear marine propulsion with 2× GT3A-688 steam turbines 140,000 shp (100,000 kW)^[1]
Speed	32 knots (59 km/h; 37 mph)
Range	1,000 nmi (1,900 km; 1,200 mi) at 30 kn (56 km/h; 35 mph) (combined propulsion) unlimited at 20 kn (37 km/h; 23 mph) on nuclear power
Complement	710
Sensors and processing systems	Radars: (NATO reporting name): Voskhod MR-800 (Top Pair) search 3D radar, foremast Fregat MR-710 (Top Plate) 3D search radar, main mast 2 × Palm Frond navigation radar, foremast Sonar: Horse Jaw LF hull sonar Horse Tail VDS (Variable Depth Sonar) Combat Management System: Lesorub-44 combat information control system
Electronic warfare & decoys	2 × PK-2 Decoy dispensers (400 rockets)
Armament	Missiles: 20 × P-700 Granit (SS-N-19 Shipwreck) AShM 96 × S-300F Fort (SA-N-6 Grumble) surface-to-air missiles (Ushakov, Lazarev, Nakhimov)^{[citation needed]} 48 × S-300F Fort and 48 S-300FM Fort-M (SA-N-20 Gargoyle) long-range SAM (Pyotr Velikiy)^[2] 64 × 3K95 Kinzhal (SA-N-9 Gauntlet) Only installed on Pyotr Veiliky (8 x 8). Space reserved for 128 missiles on Admiral Lazarev, Admiral Nakhimov and Pyotr Veiliky point defense SAM^[2] 40 × OSA-MA (SA-N-4 Gecko) PD SAM. Not on Pyotr Velikiy Guns: 1 × twin AK-130 130 mm/L70 dual-purpose gun (2 × AK-100 100 mm/L60 DP guns in Ushakov) 8 × AK-630 six-barreled Gatling 30 mm/L60 PD guns (Ushakov, Lazarev) 6 × CADS-N-1 Kortik gun/missile system (Nakhimov, Pyotr Velikiy^[2]) Torpedoes and others: 2 × 6 RBU-1000 305 mm ASW rocket launchers 1 × 10 (Udav-1) 254 mm ASW rocket launchers 10 × 533 mm ASW/ASuW torpedo tubes, Type 53 torpedo or RPK-2 Vyuga (SS-N-15) ASW missile
Armour	76 mm plating around reactor compartment, light splinter protection
Aircraft carried	3 helicopters
Aviation facilities	Below-deck hangar