Kowalski (Polish pronunciation: [kɔˈvalskʲi]; feminine: Kowalska, plural: Kowalscy) is the second most common surname in Poland (140,471 people in 2009).[1] Kowalski surname is derived from the word kowal, meaning "[black]smith".
"Jan Kowalski" is used as a placeholder name in Poland to mean "Average Joe", much as "John Smith" is used in English-speaking countries (though a more direct translation would be "John Smithson").