Languages of Russia

Languages of Russia
Memorial in Vyborg in Finnish, Russian, Swedish and German.
OfficialRussian[1]
Semi-officialThirty-five languages
MinorityDozens of languages of the Indo-European, Northeast Caucasian, Northwest Caucasian, Uralic, Turkic, Mongolic, Tungusic and Paleosiberian language families
Foreign13–20% have foreign language knowledge[2][3][4]
  1. English (71% out of all foreign language speakers or 15% of the population; 30% to some degree.[5]
  2. German (16%)
  3. Ukrainian (9%)
  4. Azerbaijani, French & Turkish (3%)
  5. Others (20%)[a]
SignedRussian Sign Language
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Of all the languages of Russia, Russian, the most widely spoken language, is the only official language at the national level. There are 25 other official languages, which are used in different regions of Russia. These languages include; Ossetic, Ukrainian, Buryat, Kalmyk, Chechen, Ingush, Abaza, Adyghe, Cherkess, Kabardian, Altai, Bashkir, Chuvash, Crimean Tatar, Karachay-Balkar, Khakas, Nogai, Tatar, Tuvan, Yakut, Erzya, Komi, Hill Mari, Meadow Mari, Moksha, and Udmurt.[6] There are over 100 minority languages spoken in Russia today.[7]

  1. ^ "The Constitution of the Russian Federation - Chapter 3. The Federal Structure, Article 68". constitution.ru. Retrieved 22 April 2015.
  2. ^ Знание иностранных языков в России [Knowledge of foreign languages in Russia] (in Russian). Levada Center. 16 September 2008. Retrieved 10 May 2015.
  3. ^ Владение иностранными языками [Command of foreign languages] (in Russian). Levada Center. 28 May 2014. Retrieved 10 May 2015.
  4. ^ Иностранные яазики: Август 2023 года [International languages August 2023] (in Russian). Levada Center. 14 September 2023. Retrieved 13 March 2024.
  5. ^ "Percentage of Russians who speak English doubles to 30%". Russia Beyond. Retrieved 26 December 2022.
  6. ^ "What Languages Are Spoken in Russia?". WorldAtlas. 1 August 2017.
  7. ^ "Russia - Language, Culture, Customs and Etiquette". Kwintessential.co.uk. Archived from the original on 31 May 2013.


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