A leech collector, leech gatherer, or leech finder was a person occupied with procuring medicinal leeches, which were in growing demand in 19th-century Europe. Leeches were used in bloodletting but were not easy for medical practitioners to obtain. The collector would sometimes gather the leeches by attracting them to the legs of animals, often old horses. More commonplace was for the collector to use their own legs, gathering the leech after it had finished sucking enough blood. Many in the profession suffered from the effects of the loss of blood and infections spread by the leeches.[1]
Leech collectors were active across the United Kingdom, with bogs and marshes being the best hunting ground. They were described by artist George Walker in his 1814 book The Costume of Yorkshire as being predominately Scottish women.[2]
The career was seasonal; leech collectors could not work in the colder months because the leeches would not be particularly active.[2]
There are obvious negative effects of being repeatedly bitten by leeches, most commonly the significant and dangerous levels of blood loss. The leeches would suck on the legs of the collector for 20 minutes or more, and even when they had finished the resultant wound continued to bleed for up to ten hours.[2]
Leech collectors were not well paid. William Wordsworth's poem Resolution and Independence, written in 1802 and published in 1807, was inspired by an encounter Wordsworth had with a "leech-gatherer".[3] In Stanza XV he describes the hardships that the old, poor leech collector had endured:
He told, that to these waters he had come
To gather leeches, being old and poor:
Employment hazardous and wearisome!
And he had many hardships to endure:
From pond to pond he roamed, from moor to moor;
Housing, with God's good help, by choice or chance,
And in this way he gained an honest maintenance.
Parts of the poem have been interpreted as drawing similarities between leech collectors and poets,[4] comparing the difficulties of finding leeches with the struggle to write poetry.[5] The old man in the story is said to "have wisdom and fortitude that can elevate the wiser poet".[6]
- ^ Leech collectors Archived 2015-10-04 at the Wayback Machine, Science Museum. Accessed 2 September 2011.
- ^ a b c Robinson, Tony. The Lake District and Somerset Levels had particularly suitable sites. The Worst Jobs in History. Pan. ISBN 0-330-43857-3 p.54–56.
- ^ Wordsworth, Dorothy. The Grasmere Journals. Edited by Pamela Woof. Oxford University Press, 1991.
- ^ Wordsworth's Poetry. SparkNotes. Accessed 2 September 2011.
- ^ Durrant, Geoffrey. William Wordsworth. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-07608-0. 1 September 1969. p. 95
- ^ Moore, Pamela. Wordsworth, William - Resolution and Independence. Literature, Arts, and Medicine Database, New York University. 7 May 2001. Accessed 2 September 2011.