Lennert lymphoma

Lennert lymphoma
Other nameslymphoepithelioid variant of the peripheral T-cell lymphoma, unspecified
SpecialtyOncology, hematology
Usual onsetMiddle-aged and older adults
TreatmentChemotherapy
Prognosisguarded
FrequencyRare

Lennert lymphoma, also termed lymphoepithelioid lymphoma, lymphoepithelioid variant of peripheral T-cell lymphoma,[1] and epithelioid cellular lymphogranulomatosis,[2] is a rare subtype of the T cell lymphomas.[3] It was first characterized by Karl Lennert in 1952 as a variant of Hodgkin lymphoma based on the presence of cells resembling the Reed–Sternberg cells that typify Hodgkin lymphoma.[3][4] However, later studies concluded that these cells are not Reed-Sternberg cells and that Lennert lymphoma is not a variant of Hodgkin lymphoma.[5]

Lennert lymphoma is now regarded as one form of the peripheral T-cell lymphomas. The World Health Organization (2016) classified these peripheral T-cell lymphomas into more than 25 different subtypes such as the anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (including its ALK+ and ALK- subtypes), angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma, and peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified.[6][7] Peripheral T-cell lymphomas not otherwise specified include Lennert Lymphoma as well as several other lymphoma subtypes.[7] However, the criteria used for diagnosing Lennert lymphomas has varied between different studies.[5][8][2][9] That is, Lennert lymphoma has been defined using different microscopic histologies and immunochemistries (i.e., proteins expressed by tumor cells). Descriptions of the clinical features, prognoses, and survival times for Lennert lymphomas have also varied across different reports.[10] Here, Lennert lymphoma is reviewed based on studies that used criteria to define this lymphoma which future studies may find are indicative of another type of lymphoma. Studies that question the identity of the "Lennert lymphomas" diagnostic criteria and other features used in different studies are included in this review.

  1. ^ Summers TA, Rush W, Aguilera N, Lupton G (October 2009). "Cutaneous involvement in the lymphoepithelioid variant of peripheral T-cell lymphoma, unspecified (Lennert lymphoma). Report of a case and review of the literature". Journal of Cutaneous Pathology. 36 Suppl 1: 25–30. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0560.2008.01203.x. PMID 19775391.
  2. ^ a b Hartmann S, Agostinelli C, Klapper W, Korkolopoulou P, Koch K, Marafioti T, Piccaluga PP, Patsouris E, Pileri S, Hansmann ML (December 2011). "Revising the historical collection of epithelioid cell-rich lymphomas of the Kiel Lymph Node Registry: what is Lennert's lymphoma nowadays?". Histopathology. 59 (6): 1173–82. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2559.2011.04069.x. PMID 22175897.
  3. ^ a b Feller AC, Griesser GH, Mak TW, Lennert K (September 1986). "Lymphoepithelioid lymphoma (Lennert's lymphoma) is a monoclonal proliferation of helper/inducer T cells". Blood. 68 (3): 663–7. doi:10.1182/blood.V68.3.663.663. PMID 2943330.
  4. ^ Lennert K: Zur Histologischen Diagnose der Lymphogranulomatose. Frankfurt, FRG, Habil-Schrift, 1952
  5. ^ a b Yin Y, Liu H, Luo M, Yu G, Yin W, Li P (February 2023). "Primary extranodal soft tissue Lennert lymphoma (lymphoepithelioid variant of peripheral T-cell lymphoma, unspecified): a case report and review of the literature". Diagnostic Pathology. 18 (1): 12. doi:10.1186/s13000-023-01297-w. PMC 9896693. PMID 36737805.
  6. ^ Savage KJ, Ferreri AJ, Zinzani PL, Pileri SA (September 2011). "Peripheral T-cell lymphoma--not otherwise specified". Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology. 79 (3): 321–9. doi:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2010.07.007. PMID 20702104.
  7. ^ a b Etebari M, Navari M, Agostinelli C, Visani A, Peron C, Iqbal J, Inghirami G, Piccaluga PP (2019). "Transcriptional Analysis of Lennert Lymphoma Reveals a Unique Profile and Identifies Novel Therapeutic Targets". Frontiers in Genetics. 10: 780. doi:10.3389/fgene.2019.00780. PMC 6748072. PMID 31552092.
  8. ^ Kitamura A, Yamashita Y, Sato Y, Hasegawa Y, Kojima H, Nagasawa T, Mori N (October 2005). "Aggressive Lennert's lymphoma: report of three cases in comparison to non-aggressive Lennert's lymphoma". Pathology International. 55 (10): 626–31. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1827.2005.01880.x. PMID 16185292.
  9. ^ Ondrejka SL, Amador C, Climent F, Ng SB, Soma L, Zamo A, Dirnhofer S, Quintanilla-Martinez L, Wotherspoon A, Leoncini L, de Leval L (September 2023). "Follicular helper T-cell lymphomas: disease spectrum, relationship with clonal hematopoiesis, and mimics. A report of the 2022 EA4HP/SH lymphoma workshop". Virchows Archiv. 483 (3): 349–365. doi:10.1007/s00428-023-03607-5. PMC 10541838. PMID 37500795.
  10. ^ Kurita D, Miyoshi H, Yoshida N, Sasaki Y, Kato S, Niino D, Sugita Y, Hatta Y, Takei M, Makishima M, Ohshima K (September 2016). "A Clinicopathologic Study of Lennert Lymphoma and Possible Prognostic Factors: The Importance of Follicular Helper T-cell Markers and the Association With Angioimmunoblastic T-cell Lymphoma". The American Journal of Surgical Pathology. 40 (9): 1249–60. doi:10.1097/PAS.0000000000000694. PMID 27428734.